PDF herunterladen
Thromb Haemost 1979; 42(02): 705-725
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1666909
Original Article
Schattauer GmbH Stuttgart

Platelet Adhesiveness to Glass

R L Page
The University Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Nottingham
,
J R A Mitchell
The University Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Nottingham
› Institutsangaben
Weitere Informationen

Publikationsverlauf

Received 12. Mai 1978

Accepted 19. August 1978

Publikationsdatum:
23. August 2018 (online)

Auch verfügbar auf
  als PDF herunterladen  Lizenzen und Reprints

Summary

1. When anticoagulated blood is placed in a rotating glass flask, the blood/air interface initiates platelet aggregation, and the aggregates are trapped on the flask wall, without adhering to it, by the thin film of blood which forms during rotation. The interface; allows CO2 loss so that the pH of the rotating blood rises markedly and this rise is associated with the release of 3H-5HT from platelet. When CO2 diffusion and consequent pH rise is prevented, platelet loss and 3H-HT release are significantly reduced.

2. A simple method for assessing the adhesiveness of single platelets to glass using a Neubauer haemocytometer chamber has been developed. The results obtained are independent of platelet number which allows the test to be used in conditions in which abnormal platelet behaviour is associated with a low platelet-count.

3. Adhesiveness was negligible in heparinised PRP, and was greater in EDTA PRP than in citrated PRP. Heparin abolished the increased adhesiveness observed with the other anticoagulants and adhesiveness did not seem to be directly related to residual plasma calcium concentrations. Platelets adhered more readily to siliconised glass surfaces than to untreated glass, and adhesion was markedly temperature-dependent, being maximal at 4°C in heparinised PRP, and at 20° C in EDTA PRP.

4. Adhesiveness was enhanced by aggregating agents, this enhancement being prevented by inhibitors of aggregation such as the dipyridamole analogue VK 774. Adhesiveness was unaffected by acetyl-salicylic acid.

5. Adhesiveness increased markedly after surgical operations and myocardial infarction. Within-person variation was considerable, and the test is of no value in individual patients.

 

  • References

  • 1 Aster RH, Jandl JH. 1964; Platelet Sequestration in Man. Journal of Clinical Investigation 43: 843
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Bern MM, Tullis JL. 1974; Platelet Adhesion from Non-anticoagulated Rat Arterial Blood. Thrombosis et Diathesis Haemorrhagica 31: 493
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Besterman E, Myat G, Travaoi V. 1967; Diurnal Variations of platelet stickiness compared with Effects produced by adrenaline. British Medical Journal 1: 597
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Born GV R. 1962; Aggregation of Blood Platelets by Adenosine Diphosphate and its Reversal. Nature 194: 927
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Born GV R, Cross MJ. 1963; The Aggregation of Blood Platelets. Journal of Physiology 168: 178
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Bowie EJ W, Owen CA. 1971; Some factors influencing platelet retention in glass bead columns including the influence of plastics. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 56: 479
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Braunsteiner H, Pakesch F. 1956; Thrombocytoasthenia and thrombocytopathia - old names and new diseases. Blood 11: 965
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Breddin K. 1964; Zur Messung der Thrombozytenadhasivitat. Thrombosis et Diathesis Haemorrhagica 12: 269
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Breddin K. 1968 Die Thrombozytenfunktion bei haemorrhagischen Diathesen, Thrombosen und Gefabkrankheiten. Thrombosis et Diathesis Haemorrhagica. Suppl. 27
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Cronberg S. 1967; Methodological problems in testing of platelet adhesiveness. Scandinavian Journal of Haematology 4: 385
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Flatow FA, Freireich EJ. 1966; The increased effectiveness of platelet concentrates prepared in acidified plasma. Blood 27: 449
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Friedman LI, Leonard EF. 1971; Platelet adhesion to artificial surfaces: consequences of flow, exposure time, blood condition and surface nature. Federation Proceedings 30: 1641
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Fyfe T, Hamilton E. 1967; Effect of variation of the interval between venepuncture and measurement of platelet adhesiveness by the Payling Wright Method. Lancet 2: 542
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Gaarder A, Jonsen J, Laland S, Hellem SJ, Owren PA. 1961; Adenosine diphosphate in red cells as a factor in the adhesiveness of human blood platelets. Nature 192: 531
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Garvin JE. 1961; Factors Affecting the Adhesiveness of Human Leucocytes and Platelets in Vitro. Journal of Experimental Medicine 114: 51
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 George JN. 1972; Direct Assessment of Platelet Adhesion to Glass: A study of the Forces of Interaction and the Effects of Plasma and Serum Factors, Function and Modification of the Glass Surface. Blood 40: 862
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Hampton JR, Harrison MJ G, Honour AJ, Mitchell JR A, Pritchard JS. 1972; Assessment of antithrombotic agents; effects of dipyridamole analogues on platelet behaviour. Cardiovasc. Research 6: 696
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Hellem AJ. 1960; The Adhesiveness of human blood platelets in vitro. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigations 12 Suppl 51
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Hellem AJ. 1968; Platelet adhesiveness. Series Haematologica 1: 99
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Hellem AJ, Odegaard AE, Skalhegg BA. 1963; Investigations on Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) Induced Platelet Adhesiveness in Vitro. Thrombosis et Diathesis Haemorrhagica 10: 61
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Hepttnstall S. 1976; The use of a chelating ion-exchange resin to evaluate the effects of the extracellular calcium concentration on adenosine diphosphate-induced aggregation of human blood platelets. Thrombosis and Haemostasis 36: 208
    Artikel in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Hirsh J, Mcbride JA, Wright HP. 1966; Platelet Adhesiveness: A Comparison of the Rotating Bulb and Glass-Bead Column Methods. Thrombosis et Diathesis Haemorrhagica 16: 100
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Horlick L. 1961; Platelet Adhesiveness in Normal Persons and Subjects with Atherosclerosis. American Journal of Cardiology 8: 459
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Hovig T. 1970; Influence of various compounds and surfaces on blood platelets and platelet aggregation. Series haematologica 3: 47
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Macfarlane DE, Walsh PN, Mills DC B, Holmsen H, Day HJ. 1975; The role of thrombin in ADP-induced platelet aggregation and release: A critical evaluation. British Journal of Haematology 30: 457
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Mason RG, Gilkey JM. 1971; A simple test for quantitation of platelet adhesion to glass. Thrombosis et Diathesis Haemorrhagica 25: 21
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Mitchell JR A, Sharp AA. 1964; Platelet clumping in vitro. British Journal of Haematology 10: 78
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Moolten SE, Vroman L. 1949; The Adhesiveness of Blood Platelets in Thromboembolism and Haemorrhagic Disorders 1. Measurement of Platelet Adhesiveness by the glass-wool filter. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 19: 701
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Morris CD W. 1968; Observations on the Effect of Glass Beads on Platelet Aggregation and its Relation to Platelet Stickiness. Thrombosis et Diathesis Haemorrhagica 20: 345
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Mustard JF, Perry DW, Kinlough-Rathbone RL, Packham MA. 1975; Factors responsible for ADP-induced release reaction of human platelets. American Journal of Physiology 228: 1757
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Neilands JB, Stumpf PK. 1958. Outlines of enzyme chemistry. 2. Ed New York: John Wiley and Sons. Inc;
    Google Scholar
  • 32 Nordøy A, Odegaard AE. 1963; The Influence of Citrate and Heparin on the Adhesiveness of Rat Platelets and Human Platelets measured in vitro. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigations 15: 399
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Nordøy A, Rorvik TO. 1965; Some Effects of Adrenaline on Rat Platelets in Vitro and in Vivo. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigations (Suppl. 17) Suppl 84: 151
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 O’brien JR. 1962; Platelet Aggregation. Part II Some results from a new method of study. Journal of Clinical Pathology 15: 452
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 O’brien JR. 1968; Effects of Salicylates on Human Platelets. Lancet 1: 779
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Packham MA, Evans G, Glynn MF, Mustard JF. 1969; The effect of plasma proteins on the interaction of platelets with glass surfaces. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 73: 686
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Perkins HA, Rolfs MR, Hymas PG. 1975; Platelet Loss on Exposure of Citrated Blood to Various Foreign Surfaces. Transfusion 15: 87
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 38 Peterson NA, Crismon JM. 1961; Effect of citrate on ultrafiltrable and ionic calcium concentrations in serum. Journal of Applied Physiology 16: 1103
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 39 Rogers AB. 1972; The effect of pH on human platelet aggregation induced by epinephrine and ADP. Proceedings of the Society of Experimental Biology and Medicine 139: 1100
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 40 Ruckenstein E, Marmur A, Rakower SR. 1976; Sedimentation and adhesion of platelets onto a horizontal glass surface. Thrombosis and Haemostasis 36: 334
    Artikel in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 41 Salzman EW. 1963; Measurement of platelet adhesiveness. A simple in vitro technique demonstrating an abnormality in Von Willebrand’s disease. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 62: 724
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 42 Salzman EW, Merrill EW, Binder A, Wolf CF W, Ashford TP, Austen WG. 1969; Protein-Platelet Interaction on Heparinised Surfaces. Journal of Biomedical Material Research 3: 69
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 43 Seaman GV F. 1967. Surface potential and platelet aggregation. In Brinkhous KM. et al. (eds.) Platelets; their role in Haemostasis and Thrombosis. F. K. Schattauer Verlag; Stuttgart:
    Google Scholar
  • 44 Shively JA, Gott CL. 1967; Studies on aggregation and adhesion of platelets. Thrombosis et Diathesis Haemorrhagica 17: 508
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 45 Stewart CP, Dunlop D. 1962. Clinical Chemistry. In Practical Medicine. 6. Ed. p. 236 Livingstone; Edinburgh:
    Google Scholar
  • 46 Tang SS, Frojmovic MM. 1977; The effects of pC02 and pH on platelet shape change and aggregation for human and rabbit platelet-rich plasma. Thrombosis Research 10: 136
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 47 Tsukada T, Ogawa T. 1973; On the mechanism of platelet retention by glass bead columns. The platelet adhesiveness on glass bead columns (Hellem - II) was studied by scanning electromicroscopy Japanese Journal of Clinical Haematology 14: 111
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 48 Weiss HJ, Aledort LM. 1967; Impaired Platelet/Connective-tissue action in men after Aspirin ingestion. Lancet 2: 495
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 49 Williamson JR. 1967. A practical integrated method for the electronic counting of platelets, leucocytes and erythrocytes. In Baker FJ. (ed.) Progress in Medical Laboratory Techniques 4. Butterworth; London:
    Google Scholar
  • 50 Wright HP. 1941; The adhesiveness of blood platelets in normal subjects with varying concentrations of anticoagulants. Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology 53: 255
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 51 Zucker MB. 1972; Proteolytic inhibitors, contact and other variables in the release reaction of human platelets. Thrombosis et Diathesis Haemorrhagica 28: 393
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 52 Zucker MB, Peterson J. 1968; Inhibition of Adenosine Diphosphate-Induced Secondary Aggregation and other Platelet Functions by Acetylsalicylic Acid Ingestion. Proceedings of the Society of Experimental Biology and Medicine 127: 547
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 53 Zucker MB, Vroman L. 1969; Platelet adhesion induced by fibrinogen adsorbed onto glass. Proceedings of the Society of Experimental Biology and Medicine 131: 318
    PubMedGoogle Scholar