The Effects of Citrate and Extracellular Calcium Ions on the Platelet Release Reaction Induced by Adenosine Diphosphate and Collagen

Summary

The ADP-induced release of ³H-serotonin from human platelets in heparinized platelet rich plasma is markedly stimulated by the addition of sodium citrate. The aggregation and release that is induced by collagen is less affected by citrate. Data is presented that supports the view that the effects of citrate on both ADP-and collagen-induced release are largely via alteration of the concentration of ionized calcium in plasma.

Collagen can induce release of ³H-serotonin via extracellular calcium-independent and -dependent mechanisms. The possibility that the calcium-dependent mechanism is aggregation-dependent and that the calcium is required for platelet aggregation rather than directly involved in the release reaction is discussed.

• References

• 1 Adams J, Heptinstall S, Mitchell JR A. 1975; A six-channel automated platelet aggregometer. Thrombosis et Diathesis Haemorrhagica 34: 821
• 2 Besterman EM M, Gillett MP T. 1973; Heparin effects on plasma lysolecithin formation and platelet aggregation. Atherosclerosis 17: 503
• 3 Bygdeman S, Stjarne L. 1971; Calcium uptake and collagen-induced platelet release reaction. Scandinavian Journal of Haematology 8: 183
• 4 Carafoli E, Clementi F, Drabikowski W, Margreth A. eds 1975. Calcium transport in contraction and secretion. North Holland Publ. Co; Amsterdam:
• 5 Charo IF, Feinman RD, Detwiler TC. 1976; Inhibition of platelet secretion by an antagonist of intracellular calcium. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 72: 1462
• 6 Charo IF, Feinman RD, Detwiler TC. 1977; Interrelations of platelet aggregation and secretion. Journal of Clinical Investigation 60: 866
• 7 Feinman RD, Detwiler TC. 1974; Platelet secretion induced by divalent cation ionophores. Nature (London) 249: 172
• 8 Feinstein MB, Fraser C. 1975; Human platelet secretion and aggregation induced by calcium ionophores. Inhibition by PGE₁ and dibutyryl cyclic AMP Journal of General Physiology 66: 561
• 9 Han P, Ardlie NG. 1974; The influence of pH, temperature and calcium on platelet aggregation: maintenance of environmental pH and platelet function for in vitro studies in plasma stored at 37°C. British Journal of Haematology 26: 373
• 10 Heptinstall S. 1976; The use of a chelating ion-exchange resin to evaluate the effects of the extracellular calcium concentration on adenosine diphosphate induced aggregation of human blood platelets. Thrombosis and Haemostasis 36: 208
• 11 Heptinstall S, Mulley GP. 1977; Adenosine diphosphate induced platelet aggregation and release reaction in heparinized platelet rich plasma and the influence of added citrate. British Journal of Haematology 36: 565
• 12 Hovig T. 1964; The effect of calcium and magnesium on rabbit blood platelet aggregation in vitro. Thrombosis et Diathesis Haemorrhagica 12: 179
• 13 Jackson DP, Zieve PD, Morse EE. 1967. Studies on the reactions of human platelets to thrombin. In Johnson SA, Seegers WH. Eds Physiology of Hemostasis and Thrombosis. p 22 Charles C Thomas, Springfield; 111
• 14 Kattlove H, Gomez MH. 1975; Collagen-induced platelet aggregation: the role of adenine nucleotides and the release reaction. Thrombosis et Diathesis Haemorrhagica 34: 795
• 15 Kinlough-Rathbone RL, Chahil A, Mustard JF. 1974; Divalent cations and the release reaction of pig platelets. American Journal of Physiology 226: 235
• 16 Macfarlane DE, Walsh PN, Mills D CB, Holmsen H, Day HJ. 1975; The role of thrombin in ADP-induced platelet aggregation and release: a critical evaluation. British Journal of Haematology 30: 457
• 17 Massini P, Lüscher EF. 1974; Some effects of ionophores for divalent cations on blood platelets. Comparison with the effects of thrombin Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 372: 109
• 18 Massini P, Lüscher EF. 1976; On the significance of the influx of calcium ions into stimulated human blood platelets. Biochimica et biophysica Acta 436: 652
• 19 Massini P. 1977. The role of calcium in the stimulation of platelets. In Mills DC B, Pareti FI. eds Platelets and Thrombosis. p 33 Academic Press; London:
• 20 Meyer JL. 1974; Formation constants for interaction of citrate with calcium and magnesium ions. Analytical Biochemistry 62: 295
• 21 Mueller-Eckhardt C, Lüscher EF. 1968; Immune reactions of human blood platelets I. A comparative study of the effects on platelets of heterologous antiplatelet antiserum, antigen- antibody complexes, aggregated gamma globulin and thrombin. Thrombosis et Diathesis Haemorrhagica 20: 155
• 22 Murer EH. 1968; Release reaction and energy metabolism in blood platelets with special reference to the burst in oxygen uptake. Biochemica et Biophysica Acta 162: 320
• 23 Murer EH, Day HJ, Lieberman JE. 1974; Release from washed platelets induced by strontium ions and calcium ions: indications for two different mechanisms of action. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 362: 53
• 24 Murer EH, Holme R. 1970; A study of the release of calcium from human blood platelets and its inhibition by metabolic inhibitors, N-ethylmaleimide and aspirin. Biochimica et Biopyhsica Acta 222: 197
• 25 Murer EH, Stewart GJ, Rausch MA, Day HJ. 1975; Calcium ionophore A23187: effect on platelet function, structure and metabolism. Thrombosis et Diathesis Haemorrhagica 34: 72
• 26 Mustard JF, Packham MA. 1970; Factors influencing platelet function: adhesion, release and aggregation. Pharmacological Reviews 22: 97
• 27 Mustard JF, Perry DW, Kinlough-Rathbone RL, Packham MA. 1975; Factors responsible for ADP-induced release reaction of human platelets. American Journal of Physiology 228: 1757
• 28 Robblee LS, Shepro D, Belamarich FA, Towle C. 1973; Platelet calcium flux and the release reaction. Series Haematologica 06: 311
• 29 Samuelsson B, Hamberg M, Malmsten C, Svensson J. 1976. The role of prostaglandin endoperoxides and thromboxanes in platelet aggregation. In Samuelsson B, Paoletti R. Eds Advances in Prostaglandin and Thromboxane Research,Vol. 2. Raven Press; New York: 1976
• 30 White AM, Heptinstall S. 1978; Contribution of platelets to thrombus formation. British Medical Bulletin 34: 123
• 31 White JG, Rao G HR, Garrard JM. 1974; Effects of the ionophore A23187 on blood platelets1. Influence on aggregation and secretion. American Journal of Pathology 77: 135
• 32 Worner P, Brossmer R. 1975; Platelet aggregation and the release reaction induced by ionophores for divalent cations. Thrombosis Research 6: 295
• 33 Zucker MB. 1972; Proteolytic inhibitors, contact and other variables in the release reaction of human platelets. Thrombosis et Diathesis Haemorrhagica 28: 393
• 34 Zucker MB, Borrelli J. 1962; Platelet clumping produced by connective tissue suspensions and by collagen. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 109: 779
• 35 Zucker MB, Jurushalmy Z. 1967. Studies on platelet shape and aggregation; effect of inhibitors on these and other platelet characteristics. In Johnson SA, Seegers WH. Eds Physiology of Hemostasis and Thrombosis. p 249 Charles C Thomas, Springfield; 111