Prothrombotic State Induced by Middle-Distance Endurance Exercise in Middle-Aged Athletes

Giuseppe Lippi; Gian Luca Salvagno; Cantor Tarperi; Matteo Gelati; Martina Montagnana; Elisa Danese; Luca Festa; Fabian Sanchis-Gomar; Emmanuel J. Favaloro; Federico Schena

doi:10.1055/s-0038-1667115

Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Table of Contents

Semin Thromb Hemost 2018; 44(08): 747-755
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1667115

Review Article

Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Prothrombotic State Induced by Middle-Distance Endurance Exercise in Middle-Aged Athletes

Giuseppe Lippi^*

¹Section of Clinical Biochemistry; Department of Neurological, Biomedical and Movement Sciences; University of Verona, Verona, Italy

,

Gian Luca Salvagno^*

¹Section of Clinical Biochemistry; Department of Neurological, Biomedical and Movement Sciences; University of Verona, Verona, Italy

,

Cantor Tarperi^*

²School of Sport and Exercise Sciences; Department of Neurological, Biomedical and Movement Sciences; University of Verona, Verona, Italy

,

Matteo Gelati

¹Section of Clinical Biochemistry; Department of Neurological, Biomedical and Movement Sciences; University of Verona, Verona, Italy

,

Martina Montagnana

¹Section of Clinical Biochemistry; Department of Neurological, Biomedical and Movement Sciences; University of Verona, Verona, Italy

,

Elisa Danese

¹Section of Clinical Biochemistry; Department of Neurological, Biomedical and Movement Sciences; University of Verona, Verona, Italy

,

Luca Festa

²School of Sport and Exercise Sciences; Department of Neurological, Biomedical and Movement Sciences; University of Verona, Verona, Italy

,

Fabian Sanchis-Gomar

³Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia and Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Instituto de Investigación INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain

⁴Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York

,

Emmanuel J. Favaloro^#

⁵Department of Clinical and Laboratory Haematology, Sydney Centres for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW Australia

,

Federico Schena^#

²School of Sport and Exercise Sciences; Department of Neurological, Biomedical and Movement Sciences; University of Verona, Verona, Italy

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Since the impact of possible prothrombotic factors on blood coagulation resulting from exercise remains elusive, this study investigated the acute effects of middle-distance endurance running on blood coagulation parameters in middle-aged athletes. The study population consisted of 33 male endurance runners who were engaged in a 21.1 km run under competitive conditions. Blood samples were collected before the run, immediately after the run, and 3 hours after run completion. Samples were assessed for activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), fibrinogen, D-dimer, factor VIII (FVIII), von Willebrand factor antigen (VWF:Ag), endogenous thrombin potential (area under the curve of thrombin generation [TGA-AUC]), and peak thrombin generation (TGA-PK). Post-run variations were expressed as delta (Δ). At baseline, APTT was found to be significantly associated with ABO blood group, VWF:Ag, and FVIII; fibrinogen with age; VWF:Ag with BMI, training regimen, and ABO blood group; APTT with FVIII; FVIII with VWF:Ag and ABO blood group; APTT with VWF:Ag; and TGA-PK with ABO blood group, PT, and TGA-AUC. Immediately after the run, statistically significant increases were observed for PT, D-dimer, VWF:Ag, and FVIII, while statistically significant reductions could be observed for APTT, TGA-AUC, and TGA-PK. Fibrinogen values remained unchanged. Significant correlations were observed between Δ VWF:Ag and Δ FVIII, Δ APTT and Δ VWF:Ag, Δ APTT and Δ FVIII, Δ TGA-AUC and Δ TGA-PK, and between Δ D-dimer and Δ TGA-AUC and Δ TGA-PK. No Δ variation was associated with running time. The results of this study seemingly suggest that middle-distance competitive running may evoke several prothrombotic changes in blood coagulation.

Keywords

blood coagulation - hemostasis - thrombin generation - physical activity

Full Text

References

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