Existenzielles Leiden und sinnbezogene Interventionen

Zusammenfassung

Die Befindlichkeit Schwerstkranker wird üblicherweise im Rahmen der multidimensionalen gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität beschrieben. Diese erfasst jedoch nicht Aspekte existenziellen Leidens, wie sie z. B. Eric Cassell definierte. In den vergangenen Jahren entstand eine Vielzahl empirischer Arbeiten zum Erleben von und zur Intervention bei umfassendem Leiden. Mittlerweile konnte überzeugende Evidenz sowohl zur Konzeption von „Leiden“ als auch zu dessen Linderung mithilfe psychotherapeutischer Interventionen vorgelegt werden. Sinnorientierte Therapieverfahren liegen sowohl als Einzelals auch als Gruppeninterventionen vor. Ein besonders vielversprechender Ansatz ist die einzeltherapeutische Kurzzeitintervention „Managing Cancer And Living Meaningfully CALM“, deren Prüfung zurzeit in mehreren internationalen RCTs erfolgt.

Summary

The state of terminally ill patients is commonly described in terms of Health related Quality of Life though these do not cover aspects of existential suffering, e.g. described by Eric Cassell. Recently, many empirical investigations on the experience of suffering and corresponding interventions were presented. Meanwhile we have thorough knowledge about the conceptualization and treatment of suffering in advanced cancer patients. Meaning-centred interventions are available in an individual as well as groupbased format. Particularly promising is the individual therapy „Managing Cancer And Living Meaningfully CALM” which is currently tested in several international RCTs.

Schlüsselwörter

Körperlich Schwerkranke - Psychoonkologie - existenzielles Leiden - sinnorientierte Interventionen

Keywords

Terminally ill - psycho-oncology - existential suffering - meaning-centred interventions

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