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CC BY 4.0 · Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2019; 41(01): 004-010
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1676096
Original Article
Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Association between Dietary Glycemic Index and Excess Weight in Pregnant Women in the First Trimester of Pregnancy

Associação entre o índice glicêmico dietético e o excesso de peso em gestantes no primeiro trimestre de gestação
Thais Helena de Pontes Ellery
1   Group of Research in Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
,
Helena Alves de Carvalho Sampaio
1   Group of Research in Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
,
Antônio Augusto Ferreira Carioca
2   Department of Nutrition, Universidade de Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
,
Bruna Yhang da Costa Silva
1   Group of Research in Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
3   Department of Nutrition, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará, Limoeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil
,
Júlio Augusto Gurgel Alves
4   Department of Maternal and Child, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
,
Fabrício Da Silva Costa
5   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
6   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
,
Edward Araujo Júnior 
7   Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
8   Medicine Course, Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
,
Maria Luísa Pereira de Melo
1   Group of Research in Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

19 March 2018

10 October 2018

Publication Date:
12 December 2018 (online)

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Corrected by:

Erratum – Association between Dietary Glycemic Index and Excess Weight in Pregnant Women in the First Trimester of PregnancyRev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2019; 41(03): 209-210
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1685226

Abstract

Objective To assess the association between dietary glycemic index (GI) and excess weight in pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Methods A cross-sectional study in a sample of 217 pregnant women was conducted at the maternal-fetal outpatient clinic of the Hospital Geral de Fortaleza, Fortaleza, state of Ceará, Brazil, for routine ultrasound examinations in the period between 11 and 13 weeks + 6 days of gestation. Weight and height were measured and the gestational body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The women were questioned about their usual body weight prior to the gestation, considering the prepregnancy weight. The dietary GI and the glycemic load (GL) of their diets were calculated and split into tertiles. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) or Kruskal-Walls and chi-squared (χ2) statistical tests were employed. A crude logistic regression model and a model adjusted for confounding variables known to influence biological outcomes were constructed. A p-value < 0.05 was considered significant for all tests employed.

Results The sample group presented a high percentage of prepregnancy and gestational overweight (39.7% and 40.1%, respectively). In the tertile with the higher GI value, there was a lower dietary intake of total fibers (p = 0.005) and of soluble fibers (p = 0.008). In the third tertile, the dietary GI was associated with overweight in pregnant women in the first trimester of gestation, both in the crude model and in the model adjusted for age, total energy intake, and saturated fatty acids. However, this association was not observed in relation to the GL.

Conclusion A high dietary GI was associated with excess weight in women in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Resumo

Objetivo Avaliar a associação entre índice glicêmico (IG) dietético e presença de excesso de peso em gestantes no primeiro trimestre de gestação.

Métodos Estudo transversal realizado com 217 gestantes atendidas no Ambulatório de Medicina Materno-Fetal do Hospital Geral de Fortaleza, Fortaleza, CE, para realização de exames ultrassonográficos de rotina no período entre 11 e 13 semanas e 6 dias de gestação. Peso e altura foram obtidos para o cálculo do índice de massa corporal (IMC) gestacional. As mulheres foram questionadas quanto ao peso corporal habitual anterior à gestação, considerado o peso pré-gestacional. O IG e a carga glicêmica (CG) das suas dietas foram calculados e divididos em tercis. As associações foram investigadas por análise de variância (ANOVA, na sigla em inglês) ou pelos testes Kruskal-Walls e qui-quadrado (χ2).

Resultados O grupo tinha alto percentual de excesso de peso pré-gestacional (39,7%) e gestacional (40,1%). Houve menor consumo de fibras totais (p = 0,005) e fibras insolúveis (p = 0,008) no tercil de maior valor de IG. No terceiro tercil, o IG da dieta foi associado ao excesso de peso das mulheres no primeiro trimestre de gestação, tanto no modelo bruto como no modelo ajustado para idade, consumo total de energia e de ácidos graxos saturados. No entanto, não se observou esta associação em relação à CG.

Conclusão O alto IG da dieta consumida foi associado ao excesso de peso das mulheres no primeiro trimestre da gestação.

Keywords

pregnancy - glycemic index - glycemic load - excess weight

Palavras-chave

gestação - índice glicêmico - carga glicêmica - excesso de peso

Contributors

Ellery T. H. P., Sampaio H. A. C., Carioca A. A. F., Silva B. Y. C., Alves J. A. G., Costa F. S., Araujo Júnior E. and Melo M. L. P. contributed with the project, the interpretation of data, the writing of the article, the critical review of the intellectual content, and with the final approval of the version to be published.


 

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