The Rare Case of Anti-VGKC Limbic Encephalitis Secondary to High-Grade Glioma

Abstract

Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis secondary to a glial tumor is rare, and limited reports on this occurrence have been made in the pediatric population. This case involves a 13-year-old female patient with anti-voltage gated potassium channel (anti-VGKC) limbic encephalitis secondary to a high-grade glioma (HGG) in the suprasellar region. HHGs, associated with anti-VGKC antibodies, are a rare occurrence. This case highlights the need for the inclusion of glial neoplasms in the differential diagnosis for patients presenting with symptoms associated with paraneoplastic encephalitis.

Keywords

glioma - limbic encephalitis - paraneoplastic syndrome

• References

• 1 Dalmau J, Rosenfeld MR. Paraneoplastic syndromes of the CNS. Lancet Neurol 2008; 7 (04) 327-340
• 2 Jakacki RI, Cohen KJ, Buxton A. , et al. Phase 2 study of concurrent radiotherapy and temozolomide followed by temozolomide and lomustine in the treatment of children with high-grade glioma: a report of the Children's Oncology Group ACNS0423 study. Neuro-oncol 2016; 18 (10) 1442-1450
• 3 Athauda D, Delamont RS, Pablo-Fernandez ED. High grade glioma mimicking voltage gated potassium channel complex associated antibody limbic encephalitis. Case Rep Neurol Med 2014; 2014: 458790
• 4 Tan KM, Lennon VA, Klein CJ, Boeve BF, Pittock SJ. Clinical spectrum of voltage-gated potassium channel autoimmunity. Neurology 2008; 70 (20) 1883-1890
• 5 Vedeler CA, Antoine JC, Giometto B. , et al; Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome Euronetwork. Management of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes: report of an EFNS Task Force. Eur J Neurol 2006; 13 (07) 682-690
• 6 Chang SM, Parney IF, Huang W. , et al; Glioma Outcomes Project Investigators. Patterns of care for adults with newly diagnosed malignant glioma. JAMA 2005; 293 (05) 557-564