Tissue Factor and Cancer: Regulation, Tumor Growth, and Metastasis

Yohei Hisada; Nigel Mackman

doi:10.1055/s-0039-1687894

Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Table of Contents

Semin Thromb Hemost 2019; 45(04): 385-395
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1687894

Review Article

Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Tissue Factor and Cancer: Regulation, Tumor Growth, and Metastasis

Yohei Hisada

¹Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina

,

Nigel Mackman

¹Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

There is a strong relationship between tissue factor (TF) and cancer. Many cancer cells express high levels of both full-length TF and alternatively spliced (as) TF. TF expression in cancer is associated with poor prognosis. In this review, the authors summarize the regulation of TF expression in cancer cells and the roles of TF and asTF in tumor growth and metastasis. A variety of different signaling pathways, transcription factors and micro ribonucleic acids regulate TF gene expression in cancer cells. The TF/factor VIIa complex enhances tumor growth by activating protease-activated receptor 2 signaling and by increasing the expression of angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor. AsTF increases tumor growth by enhancing integrin β1 signaling. TF and asTF also contribute to metastasis via multiple thrombin-dependent and independent mechanisms that include protecting tumor cells from natural killer cells. Finally, a novel anticancer therapy is using tumor TF as a target to deliver cytotoxic drugs to the tumor. TF may be useful in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancer.

Keywords

cancer - metastasis - thrombosis - tissue factor - tumor

Full Text

References

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