Download PDF
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2019; 13(01): 011-016
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1688730
Original Article
Dental Investigation Society

Effect of Erbium:Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet Laser Combined with Mineralizing Agents on Microhardness of Demineralized Dentin

Hila Hajizadeh
1   Department of Restorative and Cosmetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
2   Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
,
Atefeh Nemati-Karimooy
1   Department of Restorative and Cosmetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
2   Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
,
Peiman Babaee-Rishkhori
3   Department of Restorative Dentistry, Iranian Clinic, Mashhad, Iran
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
06 June 2019 (online)

Also available at
   Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Objective The aim of this study was to assess the combined effect of erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) laser and mineralizing agents including casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) and fluoride in improving the resistance of demineralized dentin at new demineralization process.

Materials and Methods One hundred and twenty healthy dentin surfaces were prepared and demineralized using acidic solutions. Primary microhardness was measured (h1), and samples were randomly divided into six groups. Each group received a different protocol as follows: Group A (control group): no additional treatment, Group B: applying a fluoridated gel, Group C: applying a CPP-ACP-containing cream, Group D: irradiation of Er:YAG laser, Group E: irradiation of Er:YAG laser combined with the application of a fluoridated agent, and Group F: irradiation of Er:YAG laser combined with the application of CPP-ACP-containing cream. Microhardness values were measured afterward (h2). Then, all the groups were re-exposed to acidic solution, and microhardness was measured for the third time (h3). The microhardness data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Scheffe's post hoc test.

Results Although application of mineralizing agents increased the microhardness of demineralized dentin in comparison with the control group, no significant difference was observed using two agents. Comparison of laser groups showed an increase in microhardness only after the irradiation of Er:YAG laser combined with the application of a fluoridated agent. Demineralizing process reduced the microhardness values in all the groups, but the application of a CPP-ACP agent caused the least reduction among the laser irradiated groups. Comparison of hardness changes at the beginning and end of the experiment did not show any significant differences between the groups.

Conclusion Comparison of treatment modalities used in this study exhibited that fluoride had the greatest impact on dentin resistance. Laser irradiation on demineralized dentin did not increase the hardness or resistance to acidic attacks.

Keywords

casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate - demineralized dentin - erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser - mineralizing agents
 

  • References

  • 1 Fusayama T. Two layers of carious dentin; diagnosis and treatment. Oper Dent 1979; 4 (02) 63-70
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 2 Zanchi CH, Lund RG, Perrone LR. et al. Microtensile bond strength of two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive systems on sound and artificial caries-affected dentin. Am J Dent 2010; 23 (03) 152-156
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 3 Fusayama T. Factors and prevention of pulp irritation by adhesive composite resin restorations. Quintessence Int 1987; 18 (09) 633-641
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 4 Hosoya Y, Watanabe E, Tadokoro K, Inoue T, Miyazaki M, Tay FR. Effects of ammonium hexafluorosilicate application on demineralized enamel and dentin of primary teeth. J Oral Sci 2012; 54 (03) 267-272
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 5 Mei ML, Chu CH, Low KH, Che CM, Lo EC. Caries arresting effect of silver diamine fluoride on dentine carious lesion with S. mutans and L. acidophilus dual-species cariogenic biofilm. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2013; 18 (06) e824-e831
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 6 Nongonierma AB, Fitzgerald RJ. Biofunctional properties of caseinophosphopeptides in the oral cavity. Caries Res 2012; 46 (03) 234-267
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 7 Chin-Ying SH, Xiaoli G, Jisheng P, Wefel JS. Effects of CO2 laser on fluoride uptake in enamel. J Dent 2004; 32 (02) 161-167
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 8 Ana PA, Tabchoury CP, Cury JA, Zezell DM. Effect of Er, Cr:YSGG laser and professional fluoride application on enamel demineralization and on fluoride retention. Caries Res 2012; 46 (05) 441-451
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 9 Rohanizadeh R, LeGeros RZ, Fan D, Jean A, Daculsi G. Ultrastructural properties of laser-irradiated and heat-treated dentin. J Dent Res 1999; 78 (12) 1829-1835
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 10 Bevilácqua FM, Zezell DM, Magnani R, da Ana PA, Eduardo CdeP. Fluoride uptake and acid resistance of enamel irradiated with Er:YAG laser. Lasers Med Sci 2008; 23 (02) 141-147
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 11 Westerman GH, Hicks MJ, Flaitz CM, Blankenau RJ, Powell GL, Berg JH. Argon laser irradiation in root surface caries: in vitro study examines laser's effects. J Am Dent Assoc 1994; 125 (04) 401-407
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 12 Powell GL, Morton TH, Whisenant BK. Argon laser oral safety parameters for teeth. Lasers Surg Med 1993; 13 (05) 548-552
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 13 Zezell DM, Boari HG, Ana PA, Eduardo CdeP, Powell GL. Nd:YAG laser in caries prevention: a clinical trial. Lasers Surg Med 2009; 41 (01) 31-35
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 14 Azevedo DT, Faraoni-Romano JJ, Derceli JdosR, Palma-Dibb RG. Effect of Nd:YAG laser combined with fluoride on the prevention of primary tooth enamel demineralization. Braz Dent J 2012; 23 (02) 104-109
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 15 Esteves-Oliveira M, Zezell DM, Ana PA, Yekta SS, Lampert F, Eduardo CP. Dentine caries inhibition through CO(2) laser (10.6 μm) irradiation and fluoride application, in vitro. Arch Oral Biol 2011; 56 (06) 533-539
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 16 Anaraki SN, Serajzadeh M, Fekrazad R. Effects of laser-assisted fluoride therapy with a CO2 laser and Er, Cr:YSGG laser on enamel demineralization. Pediatr Dent 2012; 34 (04) e92-e96
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 17 Viapiana R, Sousa-Neto MD, Souza-Gabriel AE, Alfredo E, Silva-Sousa YT. Microhardness of radicular dentin treated with 980-nm diode laser and different irrigant solutions. Photomed Laser Surg 2012; 30 (02) 102-106
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 18 Liu Y, Hsu CY, Teo CM, Teoh SH. Potential mechanism for the laser-fluoride effect on enamel demineralization. J Dent Res 2013; 92 (01) 71-75
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 19 Asl-Aminabadi N, Najafpour E, Samiei M. et al. Laser-Casein phosphopeptide effect on remineralization of early enamel lesions in primary teeth. J Clin Exp Dent 2015; 7 (02) e261-e267
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 20 Fekrazad R, Ebrahimpour L. Evaluation of acquired acid resistance of enamel surrounding orthodontic brackets irradiated by laser and fluoride application. Lasers Med Sci 2014; 29 (06) 1793-1798
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 21 Chinelatti MA, Raucci-Neto W, Corona SA, Palma-Dibb RG. Effect of erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser energies on superficial and deep dentin microhardness. Lasers Med Sci 2010; 25 (03) 317-324
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 22 Dilber E, Malkoc MA, Ozturk AN, Ozturk F. Effect of various laser irradiations on the mineral content of dentin. Eur J Dent 2013; 7 (01) 74-80
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 23 Passos VF, Melo MA, Silva FF, Rodrigues LK, Santiago SL. Effects of diode laser therapy and stannous fluoride on dentin resistance under different erosive acid attacks. Photomed Laser Surg 2014; 32 (03) 146-151
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 24 Kucukyilmaz E, Savas S, Akcay M, Bolukbasi B. Effect of silver diamine fluoride and ammonium hexafluorosilicate applications with and without Er:YAG laser irradiation on the microtensile bond strength in sound and caries-affected dentin. Lasers Surg Med 2016; 48 (01) 62-69
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 25 Arbabzadeh F, Birang E, Nazem R, Abbasian M, Koosha F, Birang R. A comparative study on micro hardness and structural changes of dentin floor cavity prepared by Er: YAG laser irradiation and mechanical bur. J Dent (Shiraz) 2013; 14 (02) 73-77
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 26 Tabatabei MH, Arami S, Khajavi F, Moradi Z. Effect of type of cavity preparation (bur, Er:YAG laser) and restorative materials on prevention of caries lesion. J Dent Med 2017; 29: 229-236
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 27 Moron BM, Comar LP, Wiegand A. et al. Different protocols to produce artificial dentine carious lesions in vitro and in situ: hardness and mineral content correlation. Caries Res 2013; 47 (02) 162-170
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 28 Souza-Gabriel AE, Chinelatti MA, Pecora JD, Palma-Dibb RG, Corona SA. Dentin microhardness and subsurface morphology after Er:YAG laser cavity preparation using different parameters. J Dent Child (Chic) 2009; 76 (01) 58-66
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 29 Ekambaram M, Itthagarun A, King NM. Comparison of the remineralizing potential of child formula dentifrices. Int J Paediatr Dent 2011; 21 (02) 132-140
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 30 Nozari A, Rafiee A, Dehghan Khalili S, Fekrazad R. A comparative evaluation of APF gel, CPP/ACP paste alone and in combination with carbon dioxide laser on human enamel resistance to acid solubility using atomic absorption spectrometry: an in-vitro study. Minerva Stomatol 2018; 67 (02) 68-73
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 31 Ana P, Bachmann L, Zezell D. Lasers effects on enamel for caries prevention. Laser Phys 2006; 16: 865-875
    CrossrefSearch in Google Scholar
  • 32 Gao XL, Pan JS, Hsu CY. Laser-fluoride effect on root demineralization. J Dent Res 2006; 85 (10) 919-923
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 33 Sinfiteli PP, Coutinho TCL, Oliveira PRA. et al. Effect of fluoride dentifrice and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate cream with and without fluoride in preventing enamel demineralization in a pH cyclic study. J Appl Oral Sci 2017; 25 (06) 604-611
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 34 Chinelatti MA, Rocha CT, Colucci V, Serra MC, Rodrigues-Júnior AL, Corona SA. Effect of Er:Yag laser on dentin demineralization around restorations. Lasers Med Sci 2017; 32 (02) 413-418
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 35 Malkoc MA, Taşdemir ST, Ozturk AN, Ozturk B, Berk G. Effects of laser and acid etching and air abrasion on mineral content of dentin. Lasers Med Sci 2011; 26 (01) 21-27
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 36 Malkoç MA, Sevimay M. Evaluation of mineral content of dentin treated with desensitizing agents and neodymium yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser. Lasers Med Sci 2012; 27 (04) 743-748
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar