Abstract
Botulinum toxin is integral to the practice of facial plastic surgery. Since it was
approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the temporary improvement of
glabellar rhytids in 2002, botulinum toxin has achieved a growing number of off-label
clinical applications. These include the management of facial rhytids, brow ptosis,
excessive gingival display, masseteric hypertrophy, platysmal banding, facial nerve
paralysis, hypertrophic scars, and keloids. Many forms of botulinum toxin have been
developed, and their safety and efficacy have been thoroughly established. This article
will review the aesthetic and functional uses of botulinum toxin as it relates to
the field of facial plastic and reconstructive surgery. In addition, the authors will
discuss the suggested quantity of units per injection site based on onabotulinumtoxinA.
Keywords
botulinum toxin - neurotoxin - neuromodulator - onabotulinum - Botox
