Download PDF
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Journal of Morphological Sciences 2019; 36(03): 156-161
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1693721
Original Article
Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Level of Physical Activity on the Body Image of Young Women

Katielly Santana 
1   Postgraduate Program, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
,
Almir de França Ferraz
2   Postgraduate Program, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
,
André Rodrigues Lourenço Dias
1   Postgraduate Program, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
,
Rosilene Andrade Silva Rodrigues
3   Doctorade Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
,
Camila Pasa
3   Doctorade Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
,
Waléria Christiane Rezende Fett
4   Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
,
Michell Vetoracci Viana
5   Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
,
Aylton Figueira
5   Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
,
Carlos Alexandre Fett
4   Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

17 September 2018

10 June 2019

Publication Date:
02 August 2019 (online)

   Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Physical exercise has the ability to alter the measurements of the body related to esthetic. The objective of the present study was to compare the body image and body esthetic between two groups of women with different levels of physical activity. We evaluated 79 women who were divided into 2 groups: 39 women with low or moderate levels of physical activity, and 40 women with high levels of physical activity according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Anthropometric and body composition measurements were taken using the InBody S10 multifrequency device (InBody Co., Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea). The scale of silhouettes, which is composed of 9 engravings of body images, was used to verify the body image, as well as the Portuguese version of the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) validated for university students. The group of evaluators was composed of twenty physical education professionals of both sexes, ten male and ten female. The group with low/moderate levels of physical activity, as expected, showed a lower amount (minutes per week) of physical activity of mild, moderate and vigorous intensity when compared with the group with high levels of physical activity (p < 0.05), and they also had a higher ratio of fat mass (FM) per height squared (p = 0.047). The BSQ questionnaire scores, the current and ideal silhouettes, as well as body image dissatisfaction, were not different between the groups (p > 0.05). The overall body esthetic score, attributed only by the male and only by the female evaluators, did not differ significantly (p > 0.05). We concluded that the level of physical activity did not influence the body image and body esthetic of the women.

Keywords

body composition - body esthetic - esthetic score
 

  • References

  • 1 Zarshenas S, Houshvar P, Tahmasebi A. The effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise on depression in postmenopausal women. Majallah-i Danishkadah-i Pizishki-i Isfahan 2013; 31: 1067-1072
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 2 Sun W, Chen D, Wang J, Liu N, Zhang W. Physical activity and body image dissatisfaction among pregnant women: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2018; 229: 38-44
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 3 Lo Coco G, Salerno L, Bruno V, Caltabiano ML, Ricciardelli LA. Binge eating partially mediates the relationship between body image dissatisfaction and psychological distress in obese treatment seeking individuals. Eat Behav 2014; 15 (01) 45-48
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 4 Figueiredo RAO, Simola-Ström S, Isomaa R, Weiderpass E. Body dissatisfaction and disordered eating symptoms in Finnish preadolescents. Eat Disord 2019; 27 (01) 34-51
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 5 Jackson KL, Janssen I, Appelhans BM. , et al. Body image satisfaction and depression in midlife women: the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN). Arch Women Ment Health 2014; 17 (03) 177-187
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 6 Blashill AJSS, Safren SA. Body dissatisfaction and condom use self-efficacy: a meta-analysis. Body Image 2015; 12: 73-77
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 7 Dijkstra P, Barelds DPH. Women's meta-perceptions of attractiveness and their relations to body image. Body Image 2011; 8 (01) 74-77
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 8 Grillot RL, Simmons ZL, Lukaszewski AW, Roney JR. Hormonal and morphological predictors of women's body attractiveness. Evol Hum Behav 2014; 35: 176-183
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 9 Wang G, Ekeleme-Egedigwe CA, El Hamdouchi A. , et al. Beauty and the Body of the Beholder: Raters' BMI Has Only Limited Association with Ratings of Attractiveness of the Opposite Sex. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2018; 26 (03) 522-530
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 10 Joseph RP, Royse KE, Benitez TJ, Pekmezi DW. Physical activity and quality of life among university students: exploring self-efficacy, self-esteem, and affect as potential mediators. Qual Life Res 2014; 23 (02) 659-667
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 11 Forsén Mantilla E, Levallius J, Monell E, Birgegård A. Exercise caution: Questions to ask adolescents who may exercise too hard. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15 (04) E797 . Doi: 10.3390/ijerph15040797
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 12 Tylka TL, Homan KJ. Exercise motives and positive body image in physically active college women and men: Exploring an expanded acceptance model of intuitive eating. Body Image 2015; 15: 90-97
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 13 Pollock ML. Exercícios na saúde e na doença: avaliação e prescrição para prevenção e reabilitação. 2nd ed. Rio de Janeiro: 1993
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 14 Rosenbaum M, Leibel RL, Hirsch J. Obesity. N Engl J Med 1997; 337 (06) 396-407
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 15 Lohman TG, Roche AF, Martorell R. Anthropometric standardization reference manual. 1988
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 16 Kakeshita IS, Silva AIP, Zanatta DP, Almeida SS. Construção e Fidedignidade Teste-Reteste de Escalas de Silhuetas Brasileiras para Adultos e Crianças. Psicol Teor Pesqui 2009; 25 (02) 263-270
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 17 Bandeira YER, Mendes ALRF, Cavalcante ACM, Arruda SPM. Avaliação da imagem corporal de estudantes do curso de Nutrição de um centro universitário particular de Fortaleza. J Bras Psiquiatr 2016; 65 (02) 168-173
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 18 Conti MA, Cordás TA, Latorre MRO. A study of the validity and reliability of the Brazilian version of the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) among adolescents. Rev Bras Saúde Mater Infant 2009; 9: 331-338
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 19 Costa ACP, Torre MCDMD, Alvarenga MDS. Atitudes em relação ao exercício e insatisfação com a imagem corporal de frequentadores de academia. Rev Bras Educ Fís Esporte 2015; 29: 453-464
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 20 Rech CR, Araujo EDS, Vanat J Do R. Autopercepção da imagem corporal em estudantes do curso de educação física. Rev Bras Educ Fís Esporte 2010; 24 (02) 285-292
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 21 Kruger J, Lee C-D, Ainsworth BE, Macera CA. Body size satisfaction and physical activity levels among men and women. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2008; 16 (08) 1976-1979
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 22 Kantanista A, Osiński W, Borowiec J, Tomczak M, Król-Zielińska M. Body image, BMI, and physical activity in girls and boys aged 14-16 years. Body Image 2015; 15: 40-43
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 23 Abbott BD, Barber BL. Embodied image: gender differences in functional and aesthetic body image among Australian adolescents. Body Image 2010; 7 (01) 22-31
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 24 Uhlmann LR, Donovan CL, Zimmer-Gembeck MJ, Bell HS, Ramme RA. The fit beauty ideal: A healthy alternative to thinness or a wolf in sheep's clothing?. Body Image 2018; 25: 23-30
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 25 Benton C, Karazsia BT. The effect of thin and muscular images on women's body satisfaction. Body Image 2015; 13: 22-27
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 26 Zaccagni L, Masotti S, Donati R, Mazzoni G, Gualdi-Russo E. Body image and weight perceptions in relation to actual measurements by means of a new index and level of physical activity in Italian university students. J Transl Med 2014; 12: 4
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 27 Stephen ID, Perera AT. Judging the difference between attractiveness and health: does exposure to model images influence the judgments made by men and women?. PLoS One 2014; 9 (01) e86302
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 28 Stephen ID, Perera AT. Judging the differences between women's attractiveness and health: is there really a difference between judgments made by men and women?. Body Image 2014; 11 (02) 183-186
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 29 Keating SE, Johnson NA, Mielke GI, Coombes JS. A systematic review and meta-analysis of interval training versus moderate-intensity continuous training on body adiposity. Obes Rev 2017; 18 (08) 943-964
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 30 Duncan MJ, Arbour-Nicitopoulos K, Subramanieapillai M, Remington G, Faulkner G. Revisiting the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ): Assessing physical activity among individuals with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2017; 179: 2-7
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar