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Thromb Haemost 2019; 119(11): 1816-1826
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1695008
Blood Cells, Inflammation and Infection
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Fibrin-VLDL Receptor-Dependent Pathway Promotes Leukocyte Transmigration by Inhibiting Src Kinase Fyn and is a Target for Fibrin β15-42 Peptide

Sergiy Yakovlev
1   Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
2   Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
,
Chunzhang Cao
1   Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
3   Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
,
Rebeca Galisteo
1   Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
,
Li Zhang
1   Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
3   Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
,
Dudley K. Strickland
1   Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
3   Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
4   Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
,
Leonid Medved
1   Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
2   Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
› Author Affiliations Funding This study was supported by National Institutes of Health grants R01 HL-056051 (L.M.), R35 HL135743 (D.K.S.), R01 NS-082607 (L.Z.), and American Heart Association 18TPA34170550 (L.Z.).
Further Information

Publication History

11 April 2019

02 July 2019

Publication Date:
29 August 2019 (online)

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Abstract

According to the current view, binding of fibrin degradation product E1 fragment to endothelial VE-cadherin promotes transendothelial migration of leukocytes and thereby inflammation, and fibrin-derived β15–42 peptide reduces leukocyte transmigration by competing with E1 for binding to VE-cadherin and, in addition, by signaling through Src kinase Fyn. However, the very low affinity of β15–42 to VE-cadherin raised a question about its ability to inhibit E1–VE-cadherin interaction. Further, our previous study revealed that fibrin promotes leukocyte transmigration through the very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) receptor (VLDLR)-dependent pathway and suggested a possible link between the inhibitory properties of β15–42 and this pathway. To test such a link and the proposed inhibitory mechanisms for β15–42, we performed in vitro experiments using surface plasmon resonance, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and leukocyte transendothelial migration assay, and in vivo studies with wild-type and VLDLR-deficient mice using mouse model of peritonitis. The experiments revealed that β15–42 cannot inhibit E1–VE-cadherin interaction at the concentrations used in the previous in vivo studies leaving the proposed Fyn-dependent signaling mechanism as a viable explanation for the inhibitory effect of β15–42. While testing this mechanism, we confirmed that Fyn plays a critical role in controlling fibrin-induced transendothelial migration of leukocytes and found that signaling through the VLDLR-dependent pathway results in inhibition of Fyn, thereby increasing leukocyte transmigration. Furthermore, our in vivo experiments revealed that β15–42 inhibits this pathway, thereby preventing inhibition of Fyn and reducing leukocyte transmigration. Thus, this study clarifies the molecular mechanism underlying the VLDLR-dependent pathway of leukocyte transmigration and reveals that this pathway is a target for β15–42.

Keywords

fibrinogen - fibrin - VLDL receptor - leukocyte transmigration - inflammation
 

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