Effects of Current Provisional Restoration Materials on the Viability of Fibroblasts

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of three different provisional restoration materials on fibroblasts. Two bis-acrylic based [Tempofit Duomix (Detax), Protemp 3 Garant (3M ESPE)] and one urethan dimethacrylate [Revotek LC (GC Corporation)] based provisional restoration materials used.

Methods: Materials were prepared according to the manufacturers’ instructions in standard teflon disks (2×5mm) and four samples were extracted in 7 ml of Basal Medium Eagle with 10% new born calf serum and 100 mg/ml penicillin/streptomycin for 24 hours. The L929 fibroblast cells were plate (25.000 cells/ml) in well plates, and maintained in a CO2 incubator at 37°C for 24h. After 24 hours, the incubation medium was replaced by the immersed medium in which the samples were stored and the L929 fibroblasts were incubated in contact with eluates for 24 hours at 37°C for 24h. The fibroblast cell viability was analyzed by measuring the mitochondrial activity with the methyltetrazolium test (MTT). Twelve well used for each specimen and experiment repeated for two times. The data was statistically analyzed by Mann-Whitney U tests.

Results: The results showed that, Revotek LC and Protemp 3 Garant were not cytotoxic for fibroblast cells when compared to control group (P>.05). However, Tempofit duomix was cytotoxic for L929 fibroblasts when compared to control group and other tested materials (P%.05).

Conclusions: Taking into consideration the limitations of an in vitro study, our study indicate that provisional restoration materials might have cytotoxic effects on fibroblasts and should be selected carefully for clinical applications. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:114-119)

Key words:

Provisional restoration materials - Cytotoxicity - Fibroblast - MTT

• REFERENCES

• 1 Geurtsen W, Lehmann F, Spahl W, Leyhausen G. Cytotoxicity of 35 dental resin composite monomers/additives in permanent 3T3 and three human primary fibroblast cultures. J Biomed Mater Res 1998; 41: 474-480
• 2 Spahl W, Budzikiewicz H, Geurtsen W. Determination of leachable components from four commercial dental composites by gas and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. J Dent 1998; 26: 137-145
• 3 Szep S, Kunkel A, Ronge K, Heidemann D. Cytotoxicity of modern dentin adhesives-in vitro testing on gingival fibroblasts. J Biomed Mater Res 2002; 63: 53-60
• 4 Caughman WF, Caughman GB, Shifflett RA, Rueggeberg F, Schuster GS. Correlation of cytotoxicity, filler loading and curing time of dental composites. Biomaterials 1991; 12: 737-740
• 5 Ergün G, Mutlu-Sagesen L, Karaoglu T, Dogan A. Cytotoxicity of provisional crown and bridge restoration materials: an in vitro study. J Oral Sci 2001; 43: 123-128
• 6 Schedle A, Franz A, Rausch-Fan X, Spitler A, Lucas T, Samorapoompichit P, Sperr V, Boltz-Nitulescu G. Cytotoxic effects of dental composites, adhesive subtances,compomers and cements. Dent Mater 1998; 14: 429-440
• 7 Huang F, Chang Y. Cytotoxicity of resin-based restorative materials on human pulp cell cultures. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2002; 94: 361-365
• 8 Nalçaci A, Oztan MD, Yilmaz S. Cytotoxicity of composite resins polymerized with different curing methods. Int Endod J 2004; 37: 151-156
• 9 Ye RR, Shen QP, Qiao GY. Cytotoxicity of three kinds of temporary crown and bridge materials on mouse fibroblasts in vitro. Shanghai Kou Qiang YiXue 2008; 17: 308-312 (Abstract)
• 10 Wassell RW, St George G, Ingledew RP, Steele JG. Crowns and other extra-coronal restorations: provisional restorations. Br Dent J 2002; 15: 619-630
• 11 Tjan AH, Castelnuovo J, Shiotsu G. Marginal fidelity of crowns fabricated from six proprietary provisional materials. J Prosthet Dent 1997; 77: 482-485
• 12 Lang R, Rosentritt M, Leibrock A, Behr M, Handel G. Colour stability of provisional crown and bridge restoration materials. Br Dent J 1998; 185: 468-471
• 13 Rosenstiel SF, Land MF, Fujimoto J. Contemporary fixed prosthodontics. 3rd Ed. St. Louis: CV Mosby; 2001: 380-416
• 14 Yoshii E. Cytotoxic effects of acrylates and methacrylates: Relationships of monomer structures and cytotoxicity. Biomed Mater Res 1997; 37: 517-524
• 15 Sideridou ID, Achilias DS. Elution study of unreacted bis-GMA TEGDMA, UDMA, and bis-EMA from light-cured dental resins and resin composites using HPLC. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2005; 74: 617-626
• 16 Wataha JC, Craig RG, Hanks CT. Precision of and new methods for testing in vitro alloy toxicity. Dent Mater 1992; 8: 65-71
• 17 Goldberg M. In vitro and in vivo studies on the toxicity of dental resin components: a review. Clin Oral Invest 2008; 12: 1-8
• 18 Saw TY, Cao T, Yap AUJ, Lee Ng MM. Tooth slice organ culture and established cell line culture models for cytotoxicity assessment of dental materials. Toxicol In Vitro 2005; 19: 145-154
• 19 Edmondson JM, Armstrong LS, Martinez AO. A rapid and simple MTT-based spetrophotometric assay for determining drug sensitivity in monolayer cultures. J Tissue Cult Meth 1988; 11: 15-17
• 20 Lefebvre CA, Knoernschild KL, Schuster GS. Cytotoxicity of eluates from light-polymerized denture base resins. J Prosthet Dent 1994; 72: 644-650
• 21 Young HM, Smith CT, Morton D. Comparative evaluation of two provisional restorative materials. J Prosthet Dent 2001; 85: 129-132
• 22 Driscoll CF, Woolsey C, Fergiison WM. Comparison of exothermic release during polymerization of four materials used to fabricate interim restorations. J Prosthet Dent 1991; 6: 504-506
• 23 Van Landuyt KL, Snauwaert J, De Munck J, Peumans M, Yoshida Y, Poitevin A, Coutinho E, Suzuki K, Lambrechts P, Van Meerbeek B. Systematic review of the chemical composition of contemporary dental adhesives. Biomaterials 2007; 28: 3757-3785
• 24 Schweikl H, Spagnuolo G, Schmalz G. Genetic and celluler toxicology of dental resin monomers. J Dent Res 2006; 85: 870-877
• 25 Schweikl H, Hartmann A, Hiller KA, Spagnuolo G, Bolay C, Brockhoff G. et al Inhibition of TEGDMA and HEMA-induced genotoxicity and cell cycle arrest by N-acetylcysteine. Dent Mater 2007; 23: 688-695
• 26 de Mendonça AA, Souza PP, Costa CA. Cytotoxic effects of hard-setting cements applied on the odontoblast cell line MDPC-23. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2007; 104: 102-108
• 27 Engelmann J, Janke V, Volk J, Leyhausen G, von Neuhoff N, Schlegelberger B, Geurtsen W. Effects of BisGMA on glutathione metabolism and apoptosis in human gingival fibroblasts in vitro. Biomaterials 2004; 25: 4573-4580
• 28 Ferracane JL. Elution of leachable components from composites. J Oral Rehabil 1994; 21: 441-452
• 29 Altintas SH, Usumez A. Evaluation of monomer leaching from a dual cured resin cement. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 2008; 86B: 523-529