Download PDF
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2010; 04(02): 118-127
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1697819
Original Article
European Journal of Dentistry

Effect of In-Office Bleaching on Color and Surface Roughness of Composite Restoratives

Randa Hafez
a   Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
,
Doa Ahmed
b   Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
,
Mai Yousry
c   Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
,
Wafa El-Badrawy
d   Clinical Dental Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
,
Omar El-Mowafy
e   Clinical Dental Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
30 September 2019 (online)

Also available at
  PDF Download Permissions and Reprints

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine color changes and surface roughness of composites when they were subjected to in-office bleaching.

Methods: 12 discs 15 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick were prepared from two shades (A2 & A4) of two composites, Durafil VS (DF) and TPH3 (TPH). Specimens were polished and stored in distilled water for 24 hours at 37°C before being subjected to bleaching, staining, and re-bleaching. Each of the groups of specimens (DF-A2, DF-A4, TPH-A2 and TPH-A4) were subdivided into three subgroups (n=4) and bleached with Beyond, LumaWhite-Plus, and Opalescence-Boost. Specimens were then stained by immersing them in a coffee solution for 48 hours at 37°C, and then they were re-bleached. Colorimetric measurements were performed at baseline, after bleaching, after staining, and after rebleaching. Surface roughness was determined with environmental SEM before and after bleaching. Data were statistically-analyzed.

Results: None of the bleaching systems notably changed the color of composites (delta-E<2). Coffee staining affected DF specimens more than TPH. Stained specimens showed variable responses to whitening with no significant color change observed with TPH (delta-E<2) and significant changes observed with DF. Surface roughness significantly changed with bleaching, but the degree varied according to composite shade and bleaching agent.

Conclusions: Three in-office bleaching agents had no significant color changes on two composites. DF showed more color change than TPH when immersed in coffee. Stained composites showed different degrees of whitening, with DF showing more response. Bleaching may adversely affect the surface texture of composites. Dentists should take into consideration that composite restorations may not respond to bleaching in the same way that natural teeth do. (Eur J Dent 2010;4:118-127)

Keywords

In-office bleaching - Surface roughness - Composites - Color change
 

  • References

  • 1 Kugel G, Kastali S. Tooth whitening efficacy and safety: a randomized and controlled clinical trial. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2000; 29: 516-521
    Google Scholar
  • 2 Dahl JE. Tooth bleaching - a critical review of the biological aspects. Critic Rev Oral Bio Med 2003; 14: 292-304
    Google Scholar
  • 3 Haywood VB, Heymann HO. Nightguard vital bleaching. Quint Int 1989; 20: 173-176
    Google Scholar
  • 4 Greenwall L. Bleaching techniques in restorative dentistry; an illustrated guide. United Kingdom: Martin Duntz Ltd; 2001
    Google Scholar
  • 5 Schulze KA, Marshall SJ, Gansky SA, Marshall GW. Color stability and hardness in dental composites after accelerated aging. Dent Mater 2003; 19: 612-619
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Janda R, Roulet JF, Kaminsky M, Steffin G, Latta M. Color stability of resin matrix restorative materials as a function of methods of light activation. Eur J Oral Sci 2004; 112: 280-285
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Ertas E, Güler AU, Yücel AC, Güler E. Color stability of resin composite after immersion in different drinks. Dent Mater J 2006; 25: 371-376
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Bagheri R, Burrow MF, Tyas M. Influence of food simulating solutions and surface finish on susceptibility to staining of esthetic restorative materials. J Dent 2005; 33: 389-398
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Fujita M, Kawakimi S, Noda M, Sano H. Color changes of newly developed esthetic restorative material immersed in food simulating liquid. Dent Mater J 2006; 25: 352-359
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Yalcin F, Gurgan S. Effect of two bleaching regimens on the gloss of tooth colored restorative materials. Dent Mater 2005; 21: 464-468
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Lu H, Roeder LB, Lei L, Powers JM. Effect of surface roughness on stain resistance of dental composites. J Esthet Restor Dent 2005; 17: 102-108
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Polydoron O, Hellwig E, Auschill TM. The effect of different bleaching agents on the surface texture of restorative materials. Oper Dent 2006; 31: 473-480
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Silva MF, Davies RM, Stewart B, De Vizio W, Tonholo J, Da Silva Junior JG, Pretty IA. Effect of whitening gels on the surface roughness of restorative materials in situ. Dent Mater 2006; 22: 919-924
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Monaghan P, Trowbridge T, Lautenschlager E. Composite resin color change after vital tooth bleaching. J Prosthet Dent 1992; 67: 778-781
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Hubbezoglu I, Akaoglu B, Dogan A, Deskin S, Bolayir G. Effect of bleaching on color change and refractive index of dental composite resins. Dent Mater J 2007; 27: 105-116
    Google Scholar
  • 16 Bowles WH, Lancaster LS, Wagner MJ. Reflectance and texture changes in bleached composite resin surfaces. J Esthet Dent 1996; 8: 229-233
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Wattanapayungkul P, Yap AU. Effects of in-office bleaching products on surface finish of tooth-colored restorations. Oper Dent 2003; 28: 15-19
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Central Bureau of the International Commission on Illumination. Vienna, Austria: Colorimetry CIE publication; 1986
  • 19 Joiner A. Tooth color: review of literature. J Dent 2004; 32: 3-12
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Johnston WM, Kao EC. Assessment of appearance match by visual observation and clinical colorimetry. J Dent Res 1989; 68: 819-822
    Google Scholar
  • 21 Ruyter IE, Nimler K, Moller B. Color stability of dental composite resin materials for crown and bridge veneers. Dent Mater 1987; 3: 246-251
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Seghi RR, Helwett ER, Kim J. Visual and instrumental colorimetric assessments of small color differences on translucent dental porcelain. J Dent Res 1989; 68: 1760-1764
    Google Scholar
  • 23 Yu H, Pan X, Lin Y, Li Q, Hussain M, Wang Y. Effects of carbamide peroxide on the staining susceptibility of tooth-colored restorative materials. Oper Dent 2009; 43: 72-82
    Google Scholar
  • 24 Sulieman M, Addy M, MacDonald E, Rees JS. The effect of hydrogen peroxide concentration on the outcome of tooth whitening: an in-vitro study. J Dent 2004; 32: 295-299
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Matis BA, Cochran MA, Ranco M, Al-Ammar W, Eckert GJ, Stropes M. Eight in-office tooth whitening systems evaluated in vivo: a pilot study. Oper Dent 2007; 32: 322-327
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Multu-Saðesen L, Ergün G, Özkan Y, Semiz M. Color stability of dental composite after immersion in various media. Dent Mater J 2005; 24: 382-390
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Abu-Bakr N, Han L, Okamoto A, Iwaka M. Color stability of compomer after immersion in various media. J Esthet Dent 2000; 12: 258-263
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Um CM, Ruyter IE. Staining of resin-based veneering materials with coffee and tea. Quint Int 1991; 22: 377-386
    Google Scholar
  • 29 Kugel G, Papathanasiou A, Williams 3rd AJ, Anderson C, Ferreira S. Clinical evaluation of chemical and light-activated tooth whitening systems. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2006; 27: 54-62
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Sulieman M, MacDonald E, Rees JS, Addy M. Comparison of three in-office bleaching systems based on 35% hydrogen peroxide with different light activators. Am J Dent 2005; 18: 194-197
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Marson FC, Sensi LG, Vieira LCC, Araijo E. Clinical evaluation of in-office dental bleaching treatments with and without the use of light-activation sources. Oper Dent 2008; 33: 15-22
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Tholt B, Miranda-Junior WG, Prioli R, Thompson J, Oda M. Surface roughness in ceramics with different finishing techniques using atomic force microscope and profilometer. Oper Dent 2006; 31: 442-449
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Whitehead SA, Shearer AC, Watts DC, Wilson NHF. Comparison of two stylus methods for measuring surface texture. Dent Mater 1999; 15: 79-86
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Joniot S, Soloman JP, Dejou J, Grégoire G. Use of two surface analyzers to evaluate the surface roughness of four esthetic restorative materials after polishing. Oper Dent 2006; 31: 39-46
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Moraes RR, Marimon LM, Schneider LFJ, Correr L, Camacho GB, Bueno M. Carbamide peroxide bleaching agents: effects on surface roughness of enamel, composite and porcelain. Clin Oral Investig 2006; 10: 23-28
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Kim JH, Lee YK, Lim BS, Rhee SH, Yang HC. Effect of tooth whitening strips and films on changes in color and surface roughness of resin composites. Clin Oral Investig 2004; 8: 118-122
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Hannig C, Duong S, Becker K, Brunner E, Kahler E, Attin T. Effect of bleaching on subsurface microhardness of composite and a polyacid modified composite. Dent Mater 2007; 23: 198-203
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar