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J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg 2020; 81(02): 105-110
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1698384
Original Article
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Continuous Dynamic Mapping to Identify the Corticospinal Tract in Motor Eloquent Brain Tumors: An Update

Kathleen Seidel 
1   Inselspital Bern University Hospital – Neurosurgery, Bern, Switzerland
,
Philippe Schucht
1   Inselspital Bern University Hospital – Neurosurgery, Bern, Switzerland
,
Jürgen Beck
1   Inselspital Bern University Hospital – Neurosurgery, Bern, Switzerland
2   University of Freiburg – Neurosurgery, Freiburg, Germany
,
Andreas Raabe
1   Inselspital Bern University Hospital – Neurosurgery, Bern, Switzerland
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

18 December 2018

26 March 2019

Publication Date:
14 January 2020 (online)

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Abstract

Objective We recently developed a new subcortical mapping technique based on the concept of stimulating the tissue at the site of and synchronously with resection. Our hypothesis was that instead of performing resection and mapping sequentially, a synchronized resection and mapping could potentially improve deficit rates.

Methods We report our 5-year series of patients who prospectively underwent tumor surgery adjacent to the corticospinal tract (CST) (defined as < 1 cm using diffusion tension imaging and fiber tracking) with simultaneous subcortical short train cathodal monopolar mapping, equipped with a new acoustic motor evoked potential (MEP) alarm. Continuous (temporal coverage) and dynamic (spatial coverage) mapping was realized technically by integrating the mapping probe at the tip of a new suction device. Motor function was assessed using the Medical Research Council scale (from M1 to M5) 1 day after surgery, at discharge, and at 3 months.

Results Technically, the method was successful in all 182 cases. The lowest individual motor thresholds reached during resection were > 10 mA, n = 56; 6–10 mA, n = 31; 4–5 mA, n = 37; and 1–3 mA, n = 58. At 3 months, six patients (3%) had a persisting postoperative motor deficit that was caused by direct mechanical injury in three of these patients (1.7%).

Conclusions Continuous dynamic mapping was found to be a feasible and ergonomic technique for localizing the exact site of the CST and distance to the motor fibers. This new technique may improve the safety of motor eloquent tumor surgery.

Keywords

corticospinal tract - electrical stimulation - intraoperative neuromonitoring - motor evoked potential - subcortical mapping
 

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