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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Indian J Plast Surg 2010; 43(02): 184-189
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1699433
Original Article
Association of Plastic Surgeons of India

Incidence of cleft Lip and palate in the state of Andhra Pradesh, South India

Srinivas Gosla Reddy
GSR Institute of Craniofacial Surgery, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
,
Rajgopal R. Reddy
GSR Institute of Craniofacial Surgery, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
,
Ewald M. Bronkhorst
1   Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
,
Rajendra Prasad
3   Department of Cariology and Preventive Dentistry, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
,
Anke M. Ettema
3   A. B. Shetty Memorial Dental College and Hospital, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
,
Hermann F. Sailer
4   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
,
Stefaan J. Bergé
3   A. B. Shetty Memorial Dental College and Hospital, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History

Publication Date:
15 January 2020 (online)

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ABSTRACT

Objective: To assess the incidence of cleft lip and palate defects in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. Design Setting: The study was conducted in 2001 in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. The state has a population of 76 million. Three districts, Cuddapah, Medak and Krishna, were identified for this study owing to their diversity. They were urban, semi-urban and rural, respectively. Literacy rates and consanguinity of the parents was elicited and was compared to national averages to find correlations to cleft births. Type and side of cleft were recorded to compare with other studies around the world and other parts of India. Results: The birth rate of clefts was found to be 1.09 for every 1000 live births. This study found that 65% of the children born with clefts were males. The distribution of the type of cleft showed 33% had CL, 64% had CLP, 2% had CP and 1% had rare craniofacial clefts. Unilateral cleft lips were found in 79% of the patients. Of the unilateral cleft lips 64% were left sided. There was a significant correlation of children with clefts being born to parents who shared a consanguineous relationship and those who were illiterate with the odds ratio between 5.25 and 7.21 for consanguinity and between 1.55 and 5.85 for illiteracy, respectively. Conclusion: The birth rate of clefts was found to be comparable with other Asian studies, but lower than found in other studies in Caucasian populations and higher than in African populations. The incidence was found to be similar to other studies done in other parts of India. The distribution over the various types of cleft was comparable to that found in other studies.

KEY WORDS

Cleft lip & paplate incidence - cleft lip - cleft palate
 

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