Antidiabetic constituents from the aerial parts of Tiliacora triandra

Tiliacora triandra belongs to the family Menispermaceae and it is native to Southeast Asian countries of Thailand and Laos. T. triandra is a climbing plant with deep green leaves and yellowish flowers [1]. The leaves and roots are used traditionally for treating fever, diabetes and malaria [2]. Previous phytochemical and pharmacological study on the plant have shown that bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids are the major bioactive constituents and they have anticancer, anti-pyretic, antimycobacterial and antimalarial activities [3],[4]. In this study, the chemical constituents from the aerial part of T. triandra was carried out for the first time. Two new fatty acids derivatives, 5,7-dihydroxy-6-oxoheptadecanoic acid (1) and ethyl-5,7-dihydroxy-6-oxooctadecanoate (2), along with two known compounds, ethyl linolenate (3) and ethyl linoleate (4) were identified. The structures of the compounds were determined based on spectroscopic data analyses including 1D and 2D NMR. All compounds were evaluated for their α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities. Compound 1 exhibited strong α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activity (IC₅₀; 11.58±0.32 and 26.27±1.11 μM, respectively), while compounds 2-4 showed moderate inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase (IC₅₀; 104.77-424.06 μM).

• References

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• 2 Wiriyachitra P, Phuriyakorn B. Alkaloids of Tiliacora triandra . Aust J Chem 1981; 34: 2001-2004.
• 3 Sureram S, Senadeera SPD, Hongmanee P, Mahidol C, Ruchirawat S, Kittakoop P. Antimycobacterial activity of bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids from Tiliacora triandra against multidrug-resistant isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis . Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22: 2902-2905.
• 4 Janeklang S, Nakaew A, Vaeteewoottacharn K, Seubwai W, Boonsiri P, Kismali G. et al. In vitro and In vivo antitumor activity of tiliacorinine in human cholangiocarcinoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15: 7473-7478.