Challenges in the early assessment and protection of refugee survivors of torture and extreme violence

Zusammenfassung

Die medizinische und psychiatrische Betreuung von Flüchtlingen ist zu einer globalen Herausforderung geworden. Spezielle Behandlung, Unterstützung und Schutz sind aufgrund der Gewalterfahrungen und den daraus resultierenden psychischen Folgen bei vielen Betroffenengruppen erforderlich. Folterüberlebende sind dabei aufgrund der oft schweren psychologischen Traumatisierung als besondere Gruppe zu berücksichtigen. Ihnen steht nach internationalen ethischen und Menschenrechtsstandards besonderer Schutz zu. Hierbei ist es nötig, Betroffene früh wäh-rend des Aufnahmeprozesses zu identifizieren, und diesen besonderen Schutz sowie weitere spezielle Hilfe zu gewähren. Dies erfordert einen interdisziplinären Ansatz unter Berücksichtigung besonderer rechtlicher und menschenrechtlicher Rahmenbedingungen. Bei der Begutachtung sind bezüglich Überlebenden von Folter besondere Aspekte zu berücksichtigen, die im „Istanbul Protokolls“ der Vereinten Nationen festgelegt sind.

Abstract

Refugees have become a global challenge and require special health care, support and protection. Survivors of torture are an especially important group due to their frequently high levels of physical and psychological sequels to the violence encountered. Early recognition and special protection steps are required both by international and by medical standards and may not be neglected out of any considerations. They require an interdisciplinary approach and awareness of legal and human rights standards, transcultural factors, and special formats of documentation and reporting, including the UN “Istanbul Protocol”. In assessment, special factors common in torture survivors must be considered.

Schlüsselwörter

Flüchtling - Folter - Menschenrechte - Begutachtung

Key words

Refugee - torture - human rights - ethics - forensic assessment

• Reference

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