A Comprehensive Integrative Review of the Factors Associated with Spontaneous Preterm Birth, Its Prevention and Prediction, Including Metabolomic Markers

Renato Teixeira Souza; José Guilherme Cecatti

doi:10.1055/s-0040-1701462

Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics, Table of Contents

CC BY 4.0 · Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2020; 42(01): 051-060
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1701462

Integrative Review

Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

A Comprehensive Integrative Review of the Factors Associated with Spontaneous Preterm Birth, Its Prevention and Prediction, Including Metabolomic Markers

Uma revisão integrativa abrangente dos fatores associados ao parto prematuro espontâneo, sua prevenção e predição, incluindo marcadores metabolômicos

Renato Teixeira Souza

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil

,

José Guilherme Cecatti

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Preterm birth is a major maternal complication that has a great impact on perinatal and neonatal health, with consequences suffered during childhood and adulthood. Little is known about its etiology and development, resulting in poor screening, prediction and preventive methods. The present integrative review discusses the current knowledge regarding some risk factors for preterm birth, the differences between screening and prediction methods, the limitations of some current preventive interventions, the importance of applying standardized concepts for exposures and outcomes, and why it is important to develop more accurate and reproducible methods to predict preterm birth. In addition, the authors introduce the concept of metabolomics and the technology involved in this technique, and discuss about how it has become a promising approach to identify biomarkers for spontaneous preterm birth.

Resumo

Parto prematuro é uma complicação obstétrica de grande impacto para saúde perinatal e neonatal, tendo consequências também para a infância e a vida adulta. Pouco se sabe sobre sua etiologia e fatores determinantes, o que limita os métodos de rastreamento, predição e prevenção. Esta revisão integrativa traz a discussão sobre o conhecimento atual sobre fatores de risco para parto prematuro espontâneo, as diferenças entre métodos de rastreamento e predição, as limitações das atuais intervenções preventivas, a importância de se aplicar conceitos padronizados para exposição e desfecho na investigação de parto prematuro espontâneo, e porque é importante desenvolver métodos precisos e reprodutíveis para predizer o parto prematuro. Por fim, introduzimos o conceito de metabolômica e da tecnologia envolvida nessa técnica, e discutimos como ela tem se mostrado uma abordagem prosmissora para identificar biomarcadores associados ao parto prematuro espontâneo.

Keywords

preterm labor - premature rupture of fetal membranes - risk factors - screening programs - perinatology - metabolomics

Palavras-chave

trabalho de parto prematuro - ruptura prematura de membranas fetais - fatores de risco - programas de rastreamento - perinatologia - metabolômica

Full Text

References

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