Gestational Outcomes in Patients with Severe Maternal Morbidity Caused by Hypertensive Syndromes

Abstract

Purpose To evaluate the impact of the presence of criteria for severe maternal morbidity and maternal near miss associated with hypertensive disorders on maternal and perinatal outcomes in a maternity school.

Methods The present is a sub-analysis of a larger study involving 27 centers in Brazil that estimated the prevalence of serious maternal morbidity and near miss. It is an analytical and cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, involving 928 women who were cared for at Maternidade Escola Assis Chateaubriand (MEAC, in Portuguese), Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC, in Portuguese), from July 2009 to June 2010. The women were diagnosed with near miss according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. The sample was divided into 2 groups: patients with (n = 827) and without hypertension (n = 101). The results were considered statistically significant when p < 0.05. The Pearson chi-squared and Fisher Exact tests were used for the categorical variables, and the Mann–Whitney U test was used for the continuous variables.

Results In total, 51 participants with maternal near miss criteria were identified, and 36 of them had hypertensive disorders. Of these, 5 died and were obviously excluded from the near miss final group. In contrast, we observed 867 cases with non-near miss maternal morbidity criteria. During this period, there were 4,617 live births (LBs) in the institution that was studied.

Conclusion In the severe morbidity/maternal near miss population, the presence of hypertensive complications was prevalent, constituting a risk factor for both the mother and the fetus.

Resumo

Objetivo Avaliar o impacto da presença de critérios de morbidade materna grave e potencial evento adverso materno associados a distúrbios hipertensivos nos desfechos maternos e perinatais em uma maternidade escola.

Métodos Trata-se de uma subanálise de um estudo maior, envolvendo 27 centros, que estimou a prevalência de morbidade materna grave e potencial evento adverso no Brasil. Realizou-se um estudo analítico e transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, envolvendo 928 mulheres atendidas na Maternidade Escola Assis Chateaubriand (MEAC), na Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), no período de julho de 2009 a junho de 2010, diagnosticadas com potencial evento adverso de acordo com os critérios da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS). A amostra foi dividida em dois grupos: pacientes com (n = 827) e sem hipertensão (n = 101). Os resultados foram considerados estatisticamente significativos quando p < 0,05. O teste do Qui-quadrado de Pearson e o teste exato de Fisher foram usados para as variáveis categóricas, e o teste U de Mann-Whitney, para as variáveis contínuas.

Resultados Foram identificados 51 participantes com critérios de potencial evento adverso materno, sendo 36 mulheres com distúrbios hipertensivos. Destas, 5 morreram e foram obviamente excluídas do grupo final do potencial evento adverso. Foram observados 867 casos com critérios de morbidade materna que não caracterizavam potencial evento adverso. Nesse período, houve 4.617 nascidos vivos (NVs) na instituição estudada.

Conclusão Na população com morbidade grave/potencial evento adversomaterno, a presença de complicações hipertensivas é prevalente, constituindo fator de risco para o binômio materno-fetal.

Keywords

pregnancy complications - maternal morbidity - high-risk pregnancy - hypertensive disorders

Palavras-chave

complicações na gestação - morbidade materna - gestação de alto risco - distúrbios hipertensivos

Contributors

All of the authors contributed with the project and data interpretation, the writing of the article, the critical review of the intellectual content, and with the final approval of the version to be published.

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