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Synthesis 2020; 52(20): 2899-2921
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1707136
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1707136
review
Recent Advances in Photocatalytic C–N Bond Coupling Reactions
The authors thank the Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (Hong Kong) (153037/14P, 153152/16P, 153023/17P, 153017/19P, C5023-14G), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and the State Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery (Hong Kong) for financial support.Further Information
Publication History
Received: 04 March 2020
Accepted after revision: 04 May 2020
Publication Date:
03 June 2020 (online)
Abstract
Catalytic C–N bond formation is one of the major research topics in synthetic chemistry owing to the ubiquity of amino groups in natural products, synthetic intermediates and pharmaceutical agents. In parallel with well-established metal-catalyzed C–N bond coupling protocols, photocatalytic reactions have recently emerged as efficient and selective alternatives for the construction of C–N bonds. In this review, the progress made on photocatalytic C–N bond coupling reactions between 2012 and February 2020 is summarized.
1 Introduction
1.1 General Mechanisms for Photoredox Catalysis
1.2 Pioneering Work
2 C(sp2)–N Bond Formation
2.1 Protocols Involving an External Oxidant
2.2 Oxidant-Free Protocols
3 C(sp3)–N Bond Formation
3.1 Direct Radical–Radical Coupling
3.2 Addition Reactions to Alkenes
3.3 Reductive Amination of Carbonyl Compounds
3.4 Decarboxylative Amination
4 Cyclization Reactions
4.1 C(sp2)–N Heterocycle Formation
4.2 C(sp3)–N Heterocycle Formation
5 Other Examples
6 Conclusion and Outlook
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For a review on the Buchwald–Hartwig coupling, see:
For reviews on C–N coupling using Ru/Ir-based polypyridyl complexes, see:
For reviews on C–N coupling using organic dyes, see: