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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Organic Materials 2020; 02(02): 078-107
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1708494
Review
The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). (2020) The Author(s).

Functionalized Polyelectrolytes for Bioengineered Interfaces and Biosensing Applications

Jacopo Movilli 
a   Molecular NanoFabrication group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Department of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
,
Jurriaan Huskens 
a   Molecular NanoFabrication group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Department of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
› Author Affiliations Funding Information The Horizon 2020 Health project “ULTRAPLACAD” (nr. 633937) is acknowledged for financial support.
Further Information

Publication History

Received: 02 December 2019

Accepted after revision: 31 January 2020

Publication Date:
14 April 2020 (online)

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Abstract

The possibility of tuning the chemical moieties and their density plays a fundamental role in targeting surface-confined molecular structures and their functionalities at macro and nanoscale levels. Such interfacial control is crucial for engineered coating formation and biorecognition purposes, where the type and density of ligands/receptors at the surface affect the overall binding affinities and the device performance. Together with the well-established self-assembled monolayers, a surface modification approach based on polyelectrolytes (PEs) has gained importance to provide desired characteristics at the substrate interface. This review presents the innovations of functional PEs, modified in a preceding synthetic step, and their wide applicability in functional (a)biotic substrates. Examples of 2D and 3D architectures made by modified PEs are reviewed in relation with the reactive groups grafted to the PE backbones. The main focus lies on the strategy to use modified PEs to form bioengineered coatings for orthogonally anchoring biological entities, manufacturing biocidal/antifouling films, and their combinations in functional biosensing applications.

Key words

polyelectrolytes - self-assembly - surface modification - bioengineered interfaces - biosensing - adsorption