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DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1709666
Is Group B Streptococcus Colonization Associated with Maternal Peripartum Infection in an Era of Routine Prophylaxis?
Funding This study was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD). The Consortium on Safe Labor was funded by the Intramural Research Program of the NICHD, through Contract No. HHSN267200603425C. Intramural investigators designed the study and data were collected by clinical site investigators. The corresponding author has full access to the data and final responsibility for preparation and submission of the paper for publication.![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/ajp/2021S01/lookinside/thumbnails/10-1055-s-0040-1709666_200082-1.jpg)
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to assess whether colonization with group B streptococcus (GBS) is associated with maternal peripartum infection in an era of routine prophylaxis.
Study Design This study presented a secondary analysis of women delivering ≥37 weeks who underwent a trial of labor from the U.S. Consortium on Safe Labor (CSL) study. The exposure was maternal GBS colonization and the outcome was a diagnosis of chorioamnionitis, and secondarily, analyses were restricted to deliveries not admitted in labor and measures of postpartum infection (postpartum fever, endometritis, and surgical site infection). Logistic regression with generalized estimating equations was used accounting for within-woman correlations. Models adjusted for maternal age, parity, race, prepregnancy body mass index, pregestational diabetes, insurance status, study site/region, year of delivery, number of vaginal exams from admission to delivery, and time (in hours) from admission to delivery.
Results Among 170,804 assessed women, 33,877 (19.8%) were colonized with GBS and 5,172 (3.0%) were diagnosed with chorioamnionitis. While the frequency of GBS colonization did not vary by chorioamnionitis status (3.0% in both groups), in multivariable analyses, GBS colonization was associated with slightly lower odds of chorioamnionitis (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 0.89; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.83–0.96). In secondary analyses, this association held regardless of spontaneous labor on admission; and the odds of postpartum infectious outcomes were not higher with GBS colonization.
Conclusion In contrast to historical data, GBS colonization was associated with lower odds of chorioamnionitis in an era of routine GBS screening and prophylaxis.
Key Points
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Data in an era prior to routine group B streptococcus (GBS) screening and prophylaxis showed that maternal GBS colonization was associated with a higher frequency of maternal peripartum infection.
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In the current study, GBS colonization was associated with lower odds of chorioamnionitis in an era of routine GBS screening and prophylaxis.
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The results highlight potential benefits of GBS screening and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis beyond neonatal disease prevention, including mitigating the risk of maternal infectious morbidity.
Note
This manuscript was presented as a poster presentation at the Infectious Diseases for Obstetrics and Gynecology (IDSOG) Annual Meeting, Big Sky, MT, on August 2019.
Publikationsverlauf
Eingereicht: 11. Februar 2020
Angenommen: 08. März 2020
Artikel online veröffentlicht:
23. Mai 2020
© 2020. Thieme. All rights reserved.
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