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Digestive Disease Interventions 2021; 05(01): 032-049
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1721799
Review Article

Cancer Immunology and Immuno-Oncology (Innate vs. Adaptive Cell Immunity)

Nariman Nezami
1   Division of Interventional Radiology and Image-Guided Medicine, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
,
Carlos J. Sanchez
1   Division of Interventional Radiology and Image-Guided Medicine, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
,
John Moon
1   Division of Interventional Radiology and Image-Guided Medicine, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
,
Jamil Shaikh
1   Division of Interventional Radiology and Image-Guided Medicine, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
,
Nima Kokabi
1   Division of Interventional Radiology and Image-Guided Medicine, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
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Abstract

Tumorigenesis occurs due to both intrinsic cellular genetic changes and imbalances within the tumor microenvironment. This microenvironment is composed of a complex ecosystem of tumor cells, vasculature, extracellular matrix, stromal cells, and immune cells. With these cells, there is both immune activation and immune suppression that promote or inhibit tumor development. These interactions lead to a constant flux of remodeling within the tumor microenvironment that additionally promote or inhibits tumor metastasis. To promote or suppress either antitumorigenic or protumorigenic effects, it is important to understand the complex interactions of the tumor and its interactions with the immune system within the tumor microenvironment. This review article addresses the role of the immune system and its cellular components within the tumor microenvironment.

Keywords

tumor - innate - adaptive - immune - lymphocyte - macrophage - dendritic cell - natural killer cell


Publication History

Received: 02 September 2020

Accepted: 22 October 2020

Article published online:
31 December 2020

© 2020. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.
333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USA

 

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