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Am J Perinatol 2022; 29(14): 1533-1540
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1722942
Original Article

Evaluation of Morbidities and Complications of Neonatal İntensive Care Unit Patients with Respiratory Disorders at Different Gestational Ages

Erbu Yarci 
1   Division of Neonatology, Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
,
Fuat E. Canpolat 
1   Division of Neonatology, Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
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Abstract

Objective Respiratory distress presented within the first few days of life is life-threatening and common problem in the neonatal period. The aim of this study is to estimate (1) the incidence of respiratory diseases in newborns and related mortality; (2) the relationship between acute neonatal respiratory disorders rates and gestational age, birth weight, and gender; and (3) the incidence of complications associated with respiratory disturbances.

Study Design Only inborn patients with gestational age between 230/7 and 416/7 weeks having respiratory distress were included in the study. The data were collected from the medical records and gestational age was based on the menstrual dating.

Results There were 8,474 live births between January 1, 2013, and June 30, 2013, in our hospital. A total of 1,367 newborns were hospitalized and oxygen therapy was applied in 903 of them because of respiratory distress. An acute respiratory disorder was found to be in 10.6% (903/8,474) among all live births. Mortality was 0.76% (66/8,474). The incidence of respiratory distress syndrome was 2.8% (n = 242). The occurrence of transient tachypnea of newborn was 3.1% (n = 270). Meconium aspiration syndrome, pneumonia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, and pulmonary maladaptation and primary persistent pulmonary hypertension rates were 0.1, 0.7, 2.2, and 0%, respectively. Overall, 553 (61%) of the 903 newborns having respiratory diseases had complications. The occurrence of necrotizing enterocolitis, patent ductus arteriosus, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage and air leak was 6.8, 19.8, 4.7, 24.9, and 5%, respectively.

Conclusion This study offers an epidemiological perspective for respiratory disorders from a single-center level-III neonatal intensive care unit. Although number of births, premature newborns, extremely low birth weight/very low birth weight infants, and complicated pregnancies increase in years, decreasing rates of mortality and complications are very promising. As perinatal and neonatal cares are getting better in every day, we think that more promising results can be achieved over the coming years.

Key Points

  • Respiratory distress in the newborn is life-threatening.

  • Pulmonary or extrapulmonary diseases may be underlying cause.

  • More promising results can be achieved over the coming years with advanced care.

Keywords

respiratory distress - newborn - complication - epidemiology


Publication History

Received: 19 October 2020

Accepted: 22 December 2020

Article published online:
31 January 2021

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