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Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2021; 25(01): 082-093
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1726435
Review Article

MR Imaging of Rheumatic Diseases Affecting the Pediatric Population

Eva Schiettecatte 
1   Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
,
Lennart Jans
1   Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
,
Jacob Lester Jaremko
2   Department of Radiology, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
,
Min Chen
1   Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
,
Caroline Vande Walle
1   Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
,
Nele Herregods 
1   Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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Abstract

This article reviews the application of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to pediatric rheumatic diseases. MRI can detect early manifestations of arthritis, evaluate the extent of disease, and monitor disease activity and response to treatment.

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common pediatric rheumatic disorder, representing a diverse group of related diseases that share a definition of joint inflammation of unknown origin with onset before 16 years of age and lasting > 6 weeks. JIA may lead to significant functional impairment and is increasingly imaged with MRI to assess for active inflammation as a target for therapy. This is particularly true for juvenile spondyloarthritis that includes multiple subgroups of JIA and primarily involves the spine and sacroiliac joints.

Other less common pediatric rheumatic diseases considered here are chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis and collagen vascular diseases including polymyositis, dermatomyositis, scleroderma, and juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus.

Keywords

magnetic resonance imaging - juvenile idiopathic arthritis - arthritis - pediatric

Supplementary Material



Publication History

Article published online:
21 May 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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