Abstract
Pelvic venous disease (PeVD) in women encompasses a wide variety of entities all resulting
in pelvic pain and varices. Successful treatment with percutaneous interventions is
dependent on identifying underlying factors contributing to the disease and addressing
them with either embolization of incompetent veins or stenting for venous stenoses.
There are a multitude of embolization methods with marked practice heterogeneity.
Moreover, with the ongoing development of dedicated venous stents in the treatment
of chronic venous disease, there are more opportunities to consider this modality
for the treatment of PeVD, as many patients present with combined vein reflux and
central venous stenosis. The necessity to address both and the order of interventions
in these patients is still to be elucidated. Here, we describe when to choose stenting
or embolization for PeVD, their limitations, and our practice and identify further
areas of research in this field.
Keywords
pelvic venous disease - stenting - embolization - interventional radiology
