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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Revista Chilena de Ortopedia y Traumatología 2021; 62(02): e143-e152
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1728741
Review Article | Artículo de Revisión

Dolor sacroilíaco: Revisión actualizada del enfrentamiento diagnóstico

Artikel in mehreren Sprachen: español | English
Enrique Blanco 
1   Estudiante de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
,
Sebastián Frías
2   Residente Traumatología y Ortopedia, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Hospital Militar de Santiago, Santiago, Chile
,
Facundo Álvarez
3   Fellow de Columna, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
,
José Fleiderman
4   Centro de columna, Traumatología y Ortopedia, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Hospital del Trabajador. Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
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Resumen

El dolor sacroilíaco es responsable de 15% a 30% de los cuadros de dolor lumbar bajo. El diagnóstico de esta patología es un desafío para el médico, debido a su compleja anatomía, el amplio diagnóstico diferencial, y las diversas etiologías que pueden provocar dolor en la articulación sacroilíaca. Una anamnesis ordenada y dirigida, asociada a un examen físico preciso, ayuda a orientar el diagnóstico. Las pruebas sacroiliacas específicas deben realizarse en aquellos pacientes con sospecha de dolor sacroilíaco, y deben interpretarse en conjunto y no de manera aislada. La resonancia magnética sirve para descartar otras causas de dolor lumbar bajo o diagnosticar casos de sacroileítis inflamatoria. La infiltración de la articulación es el gold standard para el diagnóstico, y debe realizarse en pacientes con alta sospecha de dolor sacroilíaco, por la anamnesis, examen físico, y tres o más pruebas sacroilíacas específicas positivas.

Palabras clave

dolor sacroilíaco - examen físico - diagnóstico diferencial - dolor lumbar bajo


Publikationsverlauf

Eingereicht: 02. September 2020

Angenommen: 21. Januar 2021

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
22. Juni 2021

© 2021. Sociedad Chilena de Ortopedia y Traumatologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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