Periodontal Diseases and COVID-19: A Scoping Review

Lisa Basso; Doriane Chacun; Kadiatou Sy; Brigitte Grosgogeat; Kerstin Gritsch

doi:10.1055/s-0041-1729139

European Journal of Dentistry, Inhaltsverzeichnis

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2021; 15(04): 768-775
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1729139

Review Article

Periodontal Diseases and COVID-19: A Scoping Review

Lisa Basso^*

¹Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France

,

Doriane Chacun^*

¹Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France

²Faculty of Odontology, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Lyon, France

³Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Consultations et de Traitements Dentaires, Unité Fonctionnelle de Parodontologie, Lyon, France

,

Kadiatou Sy

²Faculty of Odontology, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Lyon, France

³Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Consultations et de Traitements Dentaires, Unité Fonctionnelle de Parodontologie, Lyon, France

⁴INSERM, Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, University of Lille, France

,

Brigitte Grosgogeat

¹Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France

²Faculty of Odontology, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Lyon, France

⁵Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Consultations et de Traitements Dentaires, Clinical Research Unit, Lyon, Lyon France

,

Kerstin Gritsch

¹Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France

²Faculty of Odontology, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Lyon, France

³Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Consultations et de Traitements Dentaires, Unité Fonctionnelle de Parodontologie, Lyon, France

› Institutsangaben

Abstract

The aim of this scoping review was to present the existing literature regarding the relationship between periodontal diseases and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping review guidelines was followed. Articles were retrieved from PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus databases and screened to include studies relating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or COVID-19 to periodontal cells and/or tissues and/or diseases. Twenty-five papers were included; consisting of six reviews, seven original articles, six short reports, four letters to the editor, one commentary, and one case report. The articles were allocated to three different topics: (i) hypotheses on the relationship between periodontal diseases and COVID-19; (ii) risk factors and comorbidities common to periodontitis and COVID-19; (iii) periodontal manifestations of COVID-19. Certain molecules (angiotensin-converting enzyme-2, furin, cathepsin, TMPRSS2...) that are found at a high level in periodontal tissues, particularly in patients with periodontitis, are involved in the mechanism of entry of SARS-CoV-2 into cells. Periodontopathic bacteria could also play a direct role in the mechanism of entry of SARS-CoV-2 by cleaving the S-protein, and the cytokines produced during periodontitis could add to the cytokine storm found in the severe forms of COVID-19. It thus appears that the treatment of periodontitis, which allows a reduction in periodontopathic bacteria and of the local and systemic inflammation state, could be part of a strategy to prevent the development of severe forms of COVID-19.

Keywords

coronavirus - risk factors - oral health - periodontitis

Volltext

Referenzen

References
1 Coronaviridae Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. The species severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2. Nat Microbiol 2020; 5 (04) 536-544
2 Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W. et al China Novel Coronavirus Investigating and Research Team. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med 2020; 382 (08) 727-733
3 WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard. Accessed February 17, 2021 at: https://covid19.who.int
4 CDC. COVID-19 and Your Health. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Accessed January 21, 2021 at: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/ people-with-medical-conditions.htm
5 Mark P Bartold, Mariotti A. The future of periodontal-systemic associations: raising the standards. Curr Oral Health Rep 2017; 4 (03) 258-262
6 Vincent RR, Appukuttan D, Victor DJ, Balasundaram A. Oxidative stress in chronic periodontitis patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Eur J Dent 2018; 12 (02) 225-231
7 Glurich I, Acharya A. Updates from the evidence base examining association between periodontal disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus: current status and clinical relevance. Curr Diab Rep 2019; 19 (11) 121
8 Wang J, Yang X, Zou X, Zhang Y, Wang J, Wang Y. Relationship between periodontal disease and lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Periodontal Res 2020; 55 (05) 581-593
9 Xiao L, Zhang Q, Peng Y, Wang D, Liu Y. The effect of periodontal bacteria infection on incidence and prognosis of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99 (15) e19698
10 Heji ES, Bukhari AA, Bahammam MA, Homida LA, Aboalshamat KT, Aldahlawi SA. Periodontal disease as a predictor of undiagnosed diabetes or prediabetes in dental patients. Eur J Dent 2021; 15 (02) 216-221 Doi:
11 Tricco AC, Lillie E, Zarin W. et al PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): checklist and explanation. Ann Intern Med 2018; 169 (07) 467-473
12 Kadkhodazadeh M, Amid R, Moscowchi A. Does COVID-19 affect periodontal and peri-implant diseases?. J Long Term Eff Med Implants 2020; 30 (01) 1-2
13 Xu H, Zhong L, Deng J. et al High expression of ACE2 receptor of 2019-nCoV on the epithelial cells of oral mucosa. Int J Oral Sci 2020; 12 (01) 8
14 Zhong M, Lin B, Gao H. et al Significant expression of FURIN and ACE2 on oral epithelial cells may facilitate the efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 entry. BioRxiv 2020; doi:
15 Botros N, Iyer P, Ojcius DM. Is there an association between oral health and severity of COVID-19 complications?. Biomed J 2020; 43 (04) 325-327
16 Badran Z, Gaudin A, Struillou X, Amador G, Soueidan A. Periodontal pockets: A potential reservoir for SARS-CoV-2?. Med Hypotheses 2020; 143: 109907
17 Sahni V, Gupta S. COVID-19 & Periodontitis: the cytokine connection. Med Hypotheses 2020; 144: 109908
18 Madapusi Balaji T, Varadarajan S, Rao USV. et al Oral cancer and periodontal disease increase the risk of COVID 19? A mechanism mediated through furin and cathepsin overexpression. Med Hypotheses 2020; 144: 109936
19 Gupta S, Sahni V. The intriguing commonality of NETosis between COVID-19 & periodontal disease. Med Hypotheses 2020; 144: 109968
20 Patel J, Woolley J. Necrotizing periodontal disease: Oral manifestation of COVID-19. Oral Dis 2021; 27 (Suppl. 03) 768-769 doi:
21 Pfützner A, Lazzara M, Jantz J. Why do people with diabetes have a high risk for severe COVID-19 disease?-a dental hypothesis and possible prevention strategy. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2020; 14 (04) 769-771
22 Pitones-Rubio V, Chávez-Cortez EG, Hurtado-Camarena A, González-Rascón A, Serafín-Higuera N. Is periodontal disease a risk factor for severe COVID-19 illness?. Med Hypotheses 2020; 144: 109969
23 Sampson V, Kamona N, Sampson A. Could there be a link between oral hygiene and the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infections?. Br Dent J 2020; 228 (12) 971-975
24 Bertolini M, Pita A, Koo S, Cardenas A, Meethil A. Periodontal disease in the COVID-19 era: potential reservoir and increased risk for SARS-CoV-2. Pesqui Bras Odontopediatria Clin Integr 2020; 20 (Suppl. 01) e0134
25 Pedrosa MDS, Neves Nogueira F. COVID-19 and diabetes: what should we expect?. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2020; 14 (06) 1133-1134
26 Sakaguchi W, Kubota N, Shimizu T. et al Existence of SARS-CoV-2 entry molecules in the oral cavity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21 (17) E6000
27 Kara C, Çelen K, Dede FÖ, Gökmenoğlu C, Kara NB. Is periodontal disease a risk factor for developing severe Covid-19 infection? The potential role of Galectin-3. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245 (16) 1425-1427
28 Mancini L, Quinzi V, Mummolo S, Marzo G, Marchetti E. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 as a possible correlation between COVID-19 and periodontal disease. Appl Sci (Basel) 2020; 10 (18) 6224
29 Räisänen IT, Umeizudike KA, Pärnänen P. et al Periodontal disease and targeted prevention using aMMP-8 point-of-care oral fluid analytics in the COVID-19 era. Med Hypotheses 2020; 144: 110276
30 Elisetti N. Periodontal pocket and COVID-19: could there be a possible link?. Med Hypotheses 2021; 146: 110355
31 Gupta S, Mohindra R, Chauhan PK. et al SARS-CoV-2 detection in gingival crevicular fluid. J Dent Res 2021; 100 (02) 187-193
32 Takahashi Y, Watanabe N, Kamio N, Kobayashi R, Iinuma T, Imai K. Aspiration of periodontopathic bacteria due to poor oral hygiene potentially contributes to the aggravation of COVID-19. J Oral Sci 2020; 63 (01) 1-3
33 Larvin H, Wilmott S, Wu J. Kang J. The impact of periodontal disease on hospital admission and mortality during COVID-19 pandemic. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7: 604980
34 Fernandes Matuck B, Dolhnikoff M, Maia GVA. et al Periodontal tissues are targets for Sars-Cov-2: a post-mortem study. J Oral Microbiol 2020; 13 (01) 1848135
35 Gofur N. Impact of SARS-CoV-2 on periodontal tissue manifestation. J Int Oral Health 2020; 12 (08) 90-92
36 Roganović JR. MicroRNA-146a and -155, upregulated by periodontitis and type 2 diabetes in oral fluids, are predicted to regulate SARS-CoV-2 oral receptors genes. J Periodontol 2020; 10.1002/JPER.20-0623 doi:
37 Esteves-Lima RP, Pereira Gde M. Impact of periodontal condition for individuals with COVID-19. J Oral Res 2020; 20-22
38 Vieira AR. Oral manifestations in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).. Oral Dis 2021; 27 (Suppl 3):770 doi:
39 Al-Bayaty FH. Impact of COVID-19 on periodontal therapy: an overview. J Oral Res 2020; Covid-19 S2(1):10-13 doi:
40 Daly J, Black EAM. The impact of COVID-19 on population oral health. Community Dent Health 2020; 37 (04) 236-238
41 Iranmanesh B, Khalili M, Amiri R, Zartab H, Aflatoonian M. Oral manifestations of COVID-19 disease: a review article. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2021; 34 (01) e14578
42 Frankenberger R. Oral immunocompetence in the corona pandemic vs. system relevance of dentistry. Gesund Oekon Qual Manag 2020; 25 (05) 256-263 doi:
43 Ramadan DE, Hariyani N, Indrawati R, Ridwan RD, Diyatri I. Cytokines and chemokines in periodontitis. Eur J Dent 2020; 14 (03) 483-495
44 Demmer RT, Trinquart L, Zuk A. et al The influence of anti-infective periodontal treatment on C-reactive protein: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PLoS One 2013; 8 (10) e77441
45 Baeza M, Morales A, Cisterna C. et al Effect of periodontal treatment in patients with periodontitis and diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Appl Oral Sci 2020; 28: e20190248
46 Delbove T, Gueyffier F, Juillard L. et al Effect of periodontal treatment on the glomerular filtration rate, reduction of inflammatory markers and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review. PLoS One 2021; 16 (01) e0245619
47 Pihlstrom BL, Michalowicz BS, Johnson NW. Periodontal diseases. Lancet 2005; 366 (9499) 1809-1820
48 Martín Carreras-Presas C, Amaro Sánchez J, López-Sánchez AF, Jané-Salas E, Somacarrera Pérez ML. Oral vesiculobullous lesions associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Oral Dis 2021; 27 (Suppl. 03) 710-712 doi: