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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · J Lab Physicians 2021; 13(04): 296-308
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730819
Original Article

Antimicrobial Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae Bacteria Causing Infection in Trauma Patients: A 5-Year Experience from a Tertiary Trauma Center

Omika Katoch
1   Department of Laboratory Medicine, JPNA Trauma Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
,
Surbhi Khurana
1   Department of Laboratory Medicine, JPNA Trauma Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
,
Purva Mathur 
1   Department of Laboratory Medicine, JPNA Trauma Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
,
Rajesh Malhotra
2   Department of Orthopaedics, JPNA Trauma Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Abstract

Introduction Multiple drug resistance emergences among bacteria at an alarming rate worldwide are posing a serious threat to the treatment benefits that have been achieved with antibiotics. This crisis is due to the inappropriate and overuse of existing antibiotics. We evaluated the antimicrobial resistance pattern of Enterobacteriaceae pathogens isolated from intensive care units (ICUs), wards, and outpatient department (OPD) patients.

Objectives The aim of the study is to determine the antimicrobial resistance pattern in bacteria of Enterobacteriaceae family.

Material and Methods This is a retrospective study conducted at a tertiary care level-1 trauma center in the capital city of India. We collected all the retrospective data of 5 years from the laboratory information system software of the microbiology laboratory. The retrospective data included patients’ details, samples detail, organism’s identification, and their antimicrobial susceptibility testing, done by Vitek2 compact system and disk diffusion test according to each year’s Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. This study included the interpretation of zone diameters and minimum inhibitory concentrations of all isolates according to CLSI guidelines, 2018.

Results Among all the Enterobacteriaceae, Klebsiella spp. was the most commonly isolated pathogen, followed by Escherichia coli and Enterobacter spp. in ICUs and wards, while in OPD patients E. coli was the most commonly isolated pathogen, followed by Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp. Enterobacteriaceae isolates remained resistant to all classes of cephalosporins in all settings. In addition, β lactam and β-lactamase inhibitor remained less effective. Carbapenems showed less resistance than quinolones and aminoglycosides. Among the different antimicrobial agents, tigecycline proved most effective in all settings; however, it showed more resistance than other studies.

Conclusion Tigecycline proved effective among different multidrug resistance bacteria. Multidrug resistance in bacteria leads to prolonged hospital stays as well as makes the treatment less cost effective. Proper and judicious use of antimicrobials is the need of the hour.

Keywords

tigecycline - Vitek2 - disk diffusion - Enterobacteriaceae - Klebsiella spp. - Escherichia coli - antibiotic resistance


Publication History

Article published online:
02 July 2021

© 2021. The Indian Association of Laboratory Physicians. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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