Lesão muscular: Fisiopatologia, diagnóstico e tratamento*

João Paulo Cortez SantAnna; André Pedrinelli; Arnaldo José Hernandez; Tiago Lazzaretti Fernandes

doi:10.1055/s-0041-1731417

Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia, Table of Contents

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo) 2022; 57(01): 001-013
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731417

Artigo de Atualização

Artroscopia e Traumatologia do Esporte

Muscle Injury: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment^[*]

Article in several languages: português | English

João Paulo Cortez SantAnna

¹Grupo de Medicina do Esporte, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil

,

André Pedrinelli

¹Grupo de Medicina do Esporte, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil

²Centro de Excelência Médica da FIFA, São Paulo, SP, Brasil

,

Arnaldo José Hernandez

¹Grupo de Medicina do Esporte, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil

²Centro de Excelência Médica da FIFA, São Paulo, SP, Brasil

,

Tiago Lazzaretti Fernandes

¹Grupo de Medicina do Esporte, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil

²Centro de Excelência Médica da FIFA, São Paulo, SP, Brasil

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Skeletal muscle tissue has the largest mass in the human body, accounting for 45% of the total weight. Muscle injuries can be caused by bruising, stretching or laceration. The current classification divides these injuries into mild, moderate and severe. The signs and symptoms of grade I lesions are edema and discomfort; grade II, loss of function, gaps and possible ecchymosis; and grade III, complete rupture, severe pain and extensive hematoma. The diagnosis can be confirmed by ultrasound, which is dynamic and cheap, but examiner dependent; and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which provides better anatomical definition. The initial phase of the treatment consists in protection, rest, optimal use of the affected limb, and cryotherapy. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), ultrasound therapy, strengthening and stretching after the initial phase and range of motion without pain are used in the clinical treatment. On the other hand, surgery has precise indications: hematoma drainage and muscle-tendon reinsertion and reinforcement.

Keywords

musculoskeletal system/physiopathology - musculoskeletal system/injury - musculoskeletal system/surgery - regeneration

Full Text

References

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Muscle Injury: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment[*]

Muscle Injury: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment^[*]