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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo) 2022; 57(01): 001-013
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731417
Artigo de Atualização
Artroscopia e Traumatologia do Esporte

Lesão muscular: Fisiopatologia, diagnóstico e tratamento[*]

Article in several languages: português | English
João Paulo Cortez SantAnna 
1   Grupo de Medicina do Esporte, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
,
André Pedrinelli 
1   Grupo de Medicina do Esporte, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
2   Centro de Excelência Médica da FIFA, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
,
Arnaldo José Hernandez 
1   Grupo de Medicina do Esporte, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
2   Centro de Excelência Médica da FIFA, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
,
Tiago Lazzaretti Fernandes 
1   Grupo de Medicina do Esporte, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
2   Centro de Excelência Médica da FIFA, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Resumo

O tecido muscular esquelético possui a maior massa do corpo humano, correspondendo a 45% do peso total. As lesões musculares podem ser causadas por contusões, estiramentos ou lacerações. A atual classificação separa as lesões entre leves, moderadas e graves. Os sinais e sintomas das lesões grau I são edema e desconforto; grau II, perda de função, gap e equimose eventual; grau III, rotura completa, dor intensa e hematoma extenso. O diagnóstico pode ser confirmado por ultrassom (dinâmico e barato, porém examinador-dependente); e ressonância magnética (RM) (maior definição anatômica). A fase inicial do tratamento se resume à proteção, ao repouso, ao uso otimizado do membro afetado e crioterapia. Anti-inflamatórios não hormonais (AINHs), ultrassom terapêutico, fortalecimento e alongamento após a fase inicial e amplitudes de movimento sem dor são utilizados no tratamento clínico. Já o cirúrgico possui indicações precisas: drenagem do hematoma, reinserção e reforço musculotendíneos.

Palavras-chave

sistema musculoesquelético/fisiopatologia - sistema musculoesquelético/lesões - sistema musculoesquelético/cirurgia - regeneração

Suporte Financeiro

Não houve suporte financeiro de fontes públicas, comerciais, ou sem fins lucrativos.


* Trabalho realizado no Laboratório de Investigação Médica do Sistema Musculoesquelético - LIM41 do Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia da FMUSP, Grupo de Medicina do Esporte do Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia (IOT) do Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP e Centro de Excelência Médica da FIFA.




Publication History

Received: 06 October 2020

Accepted: 08 March 2021

Article published online:
20 January 2022

© 2022. Sociedade Brasileira de Ortopedia e Traumatologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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