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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Journal of Clinical Interventional Radiology ISVIR 2022; 06(02): 119-130
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731594
Review Article

Dural Arteriovenous Fistula within Superior Sagittal Sinus Wall with Direct Cortical Venous Drainage: A Systematic Literature Review

Rajendra Chavan 
1   Department of Radiology, Jehangir Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
,
Shreya Sethi
1   Department of Radiology, Jehangir Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
,
Harsha Sahu
1   Department of Radiology, Jehangir Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
,
Neeraj Rao
1   Department of Radiology, Jehangir Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
,
Shivani Agarwal
1   Department of Radiology, Jehangir Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Abstract

Dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) located within superior sagittal sinus (SSS) wall with direct cortical venous drainage are rare. They are also known as variant DAVF (vDAVF) and form a special subgroup of DAVFs. Their chance of presenting with aggressive features is high compared with transverse sigmoid sinus fistula. They drain directly into cortical veins (Borden type 3, Cognard type III and IV). A systematic English literature review of SSS vDAVF was made. Systematic literature review revealed a total of 31 published cases. These were commonly seen in male population, (24 males, 77.41%, 24/31). Average age of patients was 54 years. A total of 24 patients (77.41%, 24/31) had aggressive clinical presentations with 13 patients (41.93%, 13/31) having intracranial hemorrhages (ICH). Two patients had rebleeding (15.38%, 2/13). Middle portion of SSS was commonly involved (15 cases, 75%). A total of 25 (96.15%, 25/26) cases had patent SSS. Most of the fistulas were idiopathic (65.38%, 17/26), with trauma being a frequent etiological factor (26.92%, 7/26). Venous ectasia was seen in 19 patients (59.37%, 19/32). Middle meningeal arterial (MMA) supply was seen in all patients (100%, 26/26), with bilateral MMA supply in 21 cases (80.76%), and unilateral in 5 cases (19.23%). Twenty patients (62.50%, 20/32) received only endovascular treatment (EVT), while four patients had EVT followed by surgery (12.5%, 4/32). Transarterial route via MMA was the preferred treatment option (79.16%). Complete obliteration of fistulas was noted in all cases (100%, 30/30). No immediate complication was noted after EVT. As much as 92.30% patients showed good recovery. Thus, SSS vDAVF forms a special subgroup of DAVF, with aggressive presentation, and warrants urgent treatment. EVT is effective treatment option and can produce complete obliteration.

Keywords

Type III/IV dural arteriovenous fistula on Superior sagittal sinus - Venous ectasia/aneurysm with early rebleed - Endovascular treatment

Financial Support

We have not received any financial grant for this study.


Patient Consent and Hospital Ethics Committee Approval

We received written informed consent from the patient. We also received approval from Hospital Ethics committee for collection, analysis, and publication of data of this patient.


PRISMA Checklist

Available as supplementary file.




Publication History

Article published online:
09 July 2021

© 2021. Indian Society of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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