Download PDF
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2004; 25(02): 19-27
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1733070
Review Article

Recent Advances in the Management of Metastatic Breast Cancer

P.P. Bapsy
Department of Medical Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Dr. M.H.Marigowda Road, Bangalore - 560 029, India
,
T.P. Sahoo
Department of Medical Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Dr. M.H.Marigowda Road, Bangalore - 560 029, India
› Author Affiliations
› Further Information
Also available at
  PDF Download Permissions and Reprints


Publication History

Article published online:
28 March 2022

© 2004. Indian Society of Medical and Paediatric Oncology. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.)

Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
A-12, 2nd Floor, Sector 2, Noida-201301 UP, India

 

  • References

  • 1 Ellis M J, Hayes D F, Lippman M E, et al; Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer, in ‘Disease of the Breast’ second edition 2000.
  • 2 Beatson G.W. On the treatment of inoperable cases of carcinoma of the mamma: suggestions for a new method of treatment with illustrative cases.Lancet 1896; 2:104.
  • 3 Buzdar A, et al. Anastrozole, a potent and selective aromatase inhibitor, versus megestrol acetate in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer: results of overview analysis of two phase III trials. J Clin Oncol. 1996;14:2000.
  • 4 Harris JR, et al. Time course and prognosis of local recurrence following primary radiation therapy for early breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 1984;2:37.
  • 5 Salezar OM, Rubin P, Hendrickson F, et al. Single dose half body irradiation for palliation of multiple bony metastasis from solid tumour. Cancer 1986l;58:29-36.
  • 6 Hotobagyi GN, et al. Endocrine treatment of breast cancer, in Becker KL (ed): Principles and practice of endocrinology and metabolism (ed2). Philadelphia PA, J.B.Lippincott company, 1995:1868-1875
  • 7 Mouridsen H, Gershanovish M, et al. The role of aromatase inhibitors in the treatment of MBC.Semin Oncol 2003; 30(4 supplement 14): 33-45.
  • 8 Dombernowsky P, Smith I, Falkson G, et al. Letrozole, a new oral aromatase inhibitor for advanced breast cancer:double-blind randomized trial showing a dose effect and improved efficacy and tolerability compared with megestrol acetate .J Clin Oncol. 1998;16:453.
  • 9 Gershanovich M, Chaudri HA, Campos D, et al. Letrozole, a new oral aromatase inhibitor: randomised trial comparing 2.5-mg daily, 0.5-mg daily and aminoglutethimide in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer. Letrozole International Trial Group (AR/BC3). Ann Oncol. 1998;9:639.
  • 10 Bonneterre J, et al. Anastrozole is superior to tamoxifen as first-line therapy in hormone receptor positive advanced breast carcinoma. Cancer 2001, 92:2247,
  • 11 Mouridsen H, Gershanouich M, Smith R, et al. Phase III study of letrozole versus tamoxifen as first line therapy of advanced breast cancer in post menopausal women : analysis of survival and update of efficacy from the international letrozole breast cancer group. J Clin Oncol. 2003, 21 (11):2101-2109.
  • 12 Nabholtz J.M, Buzdar A, Pollak W, et al. Anastrozole is superior to tamoxifen as first line therapy for advanced breast cancer in post menopausal women: results of a North American multicentric randomized trial. J.Clin.Oncol. 2000;18:3758-3767.
  • 13 Milla - Santos A, Milla L, Rallo L, et al. Anastrozole versus Tamoxifen in hormone dependent advanced breast cancer : a phase II randomized trial. Am J Clin Oncol. 2003; 26(3):317-322.
  • 14 Rose C, Vtoraya O, Pluzanska A, et al. An open randomized trial of second line endocrine therapy in advanced breast cancer: comparison of the aromatase inhibitors letrozole and anastrozole. Eur J. Cancer 2003, 39(16):2318-2327.
  • 15 Paridaens R, Dirix L, Lohrisch C, et al. Promising results with exemestane in the first line treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer : a randomized phase II EORTC trial with a tamoxifen control. Ann. Oncol. 2003 14 (9) :1391-1398.
  • 16 Howell A, Robertson JFR, Quaresma Albano J, et al. Comparison of efficacy and tolerability Faslodex (ICI 182,780) with arimidex (anastrozole) in postmenopausal women with Advanced Breast Cancer - J.Clin.Onclo.2002 15;20 (16):3396-3403.
  • 17 Osborne CK, Pippen J, Jones SE, et al. Faslodex (ICI 182,780) shows longer duration of response compared with arimidex (anastrozole) in postmenopausal women with Advanced Breast Cancer - J. Clin. Oncol. 2002, 20 (16):3386-3395.
  • 18 Piccart M J, Cardoso F, et al. Progress in systemic therapy for Breast cancer: an overview and perspectives; Eur J Cancer, supplement Vol.1 No.2 (2003):56-69.
  • 19 Klijn JG, Blamey R W, Boccardo F, et al. Combination LHRH agonist plus tamoxifen treatment is superior to medical castration alone in premenopausal metastatic breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2001; 19(2):343-353.
  • 20 Dosett M, Coombes RC, et al. Vorozole results in greater estrogen suppression than formestane in postmenopausal women and when added to goserelin in premenopausal women with advanced cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1999; 56 (1):25-34.
  • 21 Buzdar A, O’ shaughnessy, Joyce A, et al. Phase II, randomized, double blind study of two dose levels of arzoxifene in patients with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2003, 21(6):1007- 1014.
  • 22 C.Bernard - Marty, Piccart M J, Cardoso F, et al. use and abuse of taxanes in the management of Metastatic Breast Cancer. Eur J Cancer (2003 suppl), 39:1978-1989.
  • 23 Ravdin PM, et al. Phase III comparison of docetaxel and paclitaxel in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Eur J Cancer, 2003; 1(5):670(a).
  • 24 Chan S, Friedrichs K, Noel D, et al. Prospective randomized trial of docetaxel versus doxorubicin in patients with metastatic breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 1999, 17:2341-2354.
  • 25 Bishop JF, Dewar J, Toner GC, et al. Initial paclitaxel improves outcome compared with CMFP combination CT as frontline therapy in untreated MBC, J Clin Oncol. 1999,17,2355-64
  • 26 Paridaens R, Biganzoli L, Bruning P, et al. Paclitaxel versus doxorubicine as first line single agent CT for MBC :a European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer randomized study with cross-over. J Clin Oncol. 2000,18:724-733.
  • 27 Sledge GW, Neuberg D, Ingle J, et al. Phase III trial of doxorubicin, paclitaxel and the combination of doxorubicin and paclitaxel as front-line CT for metastatic breast cancer (MBC): an Intergroup trial (E1193). J Clin Oncol. 2003, 21:588-592.
  • 28 Nabholtz J, Falkson G, Campos D, et al. A phase III trial comparing doxorubicin (A) and docetaxel (T) (AT) to doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC) as first-line CT for MBC. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol. 1999, 18:127a.
  • 29 Mackey JR, Paterson A, Dirix LY, et al. Final results of the phase III randomized trial comparing docetaxel (T), doxorubicin (A) and cyclophosphamide (C) to FAC as first line CT (CT) for patients (pts) with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2002,21:35a.
  • 30 Sato K, Inoue K, Saito T, et al. Muticenter phase II trial of weekly paclitaxel for advanced or metastatic breast cancer : the Saitama Breast cancer Clinical Study Group (SBCCSG - 01). J Clin Oncol. 2003; 33 (8):371-6.
  • 31 Nabholtz J, Senn HJ, Bezwoda WR, et al. Prospective randomized trial of docetaxel versus mitomycin plus vinblastine in patients with metastatic breast cancer progressing despite previous anthracycline-containing CT. J Clin Oncol. 1999, 17:1413-1424.
  • 32 Sjostrom J, Blomqvist C, Mouridsen H, et al. Docetaxel compared with sequential methotrexate and 5- fluorouracil in patients with advanced breast cancer after anthracycline failure: a randomised phase III study with crossover on progression by the Scandinavian Breast Group. Eur J Cancer 1999, 35:1194-1201.
  • 33 Bonneterre J, Roche H, Monnier A, et al. Docetaxel vs 5-fluorouracil plus vinorelbine in metastatic breast cancer anthracycline therapy failure. Br J Cancer 2002,87:1210-1215.
  • 34 O‘Shaughnessy J, Miles D, Vukelja S, et al. Superior survival with capecitabine plus docetaxel combination therapy in anthracycline-pretreated patients with advanced breast cancer: phase III trial results. J Clin Oncol. 2002, 20:2812-2823.
  • 35 Cardoso F, Di Leo A, Lohrisch C, et al. Second and Subsequent lines of CT for metastatic breast cancer: What did we learn in the last two decades, Annals of Oncol.ogy 2001;13:197-207.
  • 36 Blum JL, Jones SE, Buzdar AU, et al. Multicenter Phase II study of capecitabine in paclitaxel refractory metastatic breast cancer; J Clin Oncol. 1999;17:485-493.
  • 37 Thuss - Patience PC, Von Minckwitz G, Luck HJ, et al. Capecitabine : a new standard in metastatic breast cancer recurring after anthracycline and taxane containing CT? Results of multicentre phase II trial: Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2001;20:66b.
  • 38 Suzuki Y, Saito Y, Tokuda Y, et al. Combination of trastuzumab and vinorelbine in metastatic breast cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol.2003; 33(10):514-517.
  • 39 Vassilomanolakis M, Koumakis G, Demiri M, et al. Vinorelbine and cisplatin for metastatic breast cancer : a salvage regimen in patients progressing after docetaxel and antracycline treatment. Cancer Invest.2003;21(4):497-504.
  • 40 Lorvidhaya V, Kamnerdsupaphon P, Chitapanarux I, et al. Combination of Vinorelbine and doxorubicin in advanced breast cancer. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2003 Aug;30(8):1131-8.
  • 41 Freyer G, Delozier T, Lichinister M, et al. Phase II study of oral vinorelbine in first line advanced breast cancer CT. J Clin Oncol. 2003, 21(1):35-40.
  • 42 Perez EZ, Hillman DW, Mailliard JA, et al: Randomized phase II study of 2 schedules of CPT-11 for Patient(s) with refractory MBC an NCCTG Co-Operative group study, Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2002;21:52a.
  • 43 Harris L, Batist G, Belt R, et al: Liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin compared with conventional doxorubicin in a randomized multicenter trial as first line therapy of metastatic breast carcinoma. Cancer 2002,94:25-36.
  • 44 Theodoulou M, Campos SM, Batist G, et al. TLC D99 (D, Myocet)and Herceptin (H) is safe in advanced breast cancer (ABC): final cardiac safety and efficacy analysis (abstract). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2002,21:55a.
  • 45 O‘ Shaughnessy J, Nag S, Calderillo-Ruiz, et al. Gemcitabine plus paclitaxel versus paclitaxel as firstline treatment for anthracycline pre-treated metastatic breast cancer: Interim results of a global phase III study. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin Oncol. 2003;22:25a.
  • 46 Thuss-patience PC, Von Minckwitz G, Kretzschmar A, et al. Oxaliplatin and 5FU for heavily treated metastatic breast cancer-a preliminary phase II study. Anticancer drugs 2003;14:549-553.
  • 47 Miles DW, Smith IE, Coleman RE, et al. A phase II study of pemetrexed disodium (LY231514) in patients with locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 2001,37:1366-1371.
  • 48 Lee FY, Borzilleri R, Fairchild CR, et al. BMS-247550: a novel epothilone analog with a mode of action similar to paclitaxel but possessing superior antitumor efficacy. Clin Cancer Res 2001,7:1429-1437.
  • 49 Coates AS, Stockler M, Wilcken N, et al. Controversies in metastatic breast cancer: optimal duration of CT. American society of clinical oncology educational book 2003:119-121.
  • 50 Piccart MJ, Bernard-Marty C, Cardoso F, et al. Nonendocrine systemic therapies in advanced breast cancer. Eur J Cancer (suppl) 2003:287-298.
  • 51 Stadtmauer EA, O’ Neill A, Goldstein LJ, et al. Conventional dose chemotherapy compared with high dose chemotherapy plus autologous haemopoietic stem cell transplantation for metastatic breast cancer. Philadelphia Bone Marrow Transplant Group. N Engl J Med 2000;342:1069-1076.
  • 52 Bezwoda WR, Seymour L, Dansey RD, et al. High dose chemotherapy with haemopoietic rescue as primary treatment for metastatic breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 1995;13:2483-2489.
  • 53 Salmon DJ, Clark GM, Wong SG, et al. Human breast cancer: correlation of relapse and survival with amplification of the HER-2/neu oncogene. Science,1987,235:177-182.
  • 54 Salmon DJ, Godolphin W, Jones LA, et al. Studies of the HER-2/neu proto-oncogene in human breast and ovarian cancer. Science 1989,244:707-712
  • 55 Vogel CL, Cobleigh MA, Tripathy D, et al. Efficacy and safety of trastuzumab as a single agent in first line treatment of HER2-over expressing metastatic breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2002, 20:719-726
  • 56 Slamon DJ, Leyland - Jones B, Shak S, et al. Use of CT plus a monoclonal antibody against HER-2 for metastatic breast cancer that over expresses HER-2. N.Engl. J Med. 2001;344:783-792.
  • 57 Jones BL, Gelmon K, Ayoub JP, et al. Pharmacokinetics, safety and efficacy of trastuzumab administered every 3 weeks in combination with paclitaxel. J Clin Oncol. 2003;21:3965-3971.
  • 58 Esteva FJ, Glaspy J, Baidas S, et al. Multicenter Phase II study of oral Bexarotene for Patients with metastatic breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2003,Vol.21. No 6: 999-1006
  • 59 Hillner BE, Ingle JN, Berenson JR, et al. American Society of Clinical Oncology guidelines on the role of Bisphosphonates in Breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2000, 18:1378-1391.
  • 60 Tripathy D. et al. Bisphosphonates in oncology: breast cancer and beyond. Semin Oncol. 2001,28(4 suppl. 11):86- 91.
  • 61 Hilner BE, Ingle JN, Chlebowski RT, et al. American Society of Clinical Oncology 2003 update on the role of Bisphosphonates and bone health issues in women with Breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2003; 21, 4042-4057