Acmella uliginosa (Sw) Cass. leaves extracts mitigate Complete-Freund Adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritis in rats via angiogenesis suppression

Acmella uliginosa has been demonstrated to exhibit diuretic, antibacterial, antimalarial and anti-inflammatory activities. Since there has been no study reported on its anti-arthritic effect yet, this study was performed to investigate the anti-arthritic potential of its ethanol (AULE) and fractionated hexane (AULH) extracts on complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritic rats for duration of 28 days. Both AULE and AULH were prepared at 1, 10 and 30 mg/kg respectively based on the results in our preliminary studies. A total of 54 SD rats were randomly induced via subcutaneous injection of CFA onto the right hind paw of rats except for rats in the normal group. Oral treatments were administered starting from day 9 until 28. Paw volume, severity of arthritis, and body weight gain were recorded. On day 28, the rats were sacrificed. The hind paw tissues were homogenized to estimate COX-2, 5-LOX and VEGF protein expressions. The results showed both extracts significantly (P<0.05) reduced rats paw volume and severity of arthritis at all doses of extracts in a dose-independent manner, when compared to negative control. At lower dose; 1 mg/kg, both AULE and AULH showed highest percentages of inhibition (72.95% and 72.60%) respectively which demonstrated equal efficacy with indomethacin at 3 mg/kg (77.74% inhibition). AULE and AULH also significantly decreased the protein levels of COX-2, 5-LOX and VEGF in arthritic rats, which validated that both AULE and AULH may exhibit anti-arthritic effects via angiogenesis suppression.

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Artikel online veröffentlicht:
13. Dezember 2021