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CC BY 4.0 · Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2021; 43(11): 834-839
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1739464
Original Article
Infertility

Association of Overweight and Consistent Anovulation among Infertile Women with Regular Menstrual Cycle: A Case-control Study

Associação entre sobrepeso e anovulação consistente em mulheres inférteis com ciclo menstrual regular: Um estudo de caso-controle
Christiane Ricaldoni Giviziez 
1   Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Jataí, Jataí, GO, Brazil
,
Eliane Gouveia de Morais Sanchez 
1   Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Jataí, Jataí, GO, Brazil
,
Yanna Andressa Ramos de Lima 
2   Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Laboratório de Reprodução Humana, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
,
Mário Silva Approbato 
2   Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Laboratório de Reprodução Humana, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Abstract

Objective It has been suggested that excess body weight could represent a risk factor for infertility outcomes. The present study aimed to evaluate the association of overweight and anovulation among infertile women with regular menstrual cycles.

Methods We conducted a retrospective case-control study with consistently anovulatory patients undergoing assisted reproduction treatment. The patients were stratified into normal weight (body mass index [BMI]: 18.5–24.9kg/m2) and overweight (BMI: 25.0–29.9kg/m2).Those with polycystic ovary syndrome or obesity were excluded. The groups were matched for age, duration of infertility, prolactin, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), thydroid stimulating hormone (TSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and estradiol levels.

Results Overweight was significantly associated with anovulation, when using the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for anovulation: progesterone levels > 5.65 ng/ml and ultrasonography evidence of follicle collapse (odds ratio [OR]: 2.69; 95% confidence interval [CI95%]: 1.04–6.98).

Conclusion Body mass index above the normal range jeopardizes ovulation among non-obese infertile women with regular menstrual cycles.

Resumo

Objetivo O excesso de peso corporal tem sido associado como fator de risco para infertilidade. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a associação de sobrepeso e anovulação entre mulheres inférteis com ciclos menstruais regulares.

Métodos Realizamos um estudo retrospectivo de caso-controle com mulheres com anovulação consistente em tratamento por reprodução assistida. As pacientes foram estratificadas entre aquelas com peso normal (índice de massa corporal [IMC]: 18,5–24,9 Kg/m2) e as com sobrepeso (IMC: 25,0–29,9 Kg/m2). As pacientes com síndrome do ovário policístico ou obesidade foram excluídas. Os grupos foram pareados por idade, duração da infertilidade, níveis de prolactina, hormônio folículo-estimulante (FSH), hormônio tiroestimulante (TSH), hormônio luteinizante (LH) e estradiol.

Resultados O excesso de peso associou-se significativamente à anovulaçãoquando usados os critérios de anovulação da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS): níveis de progesterona > 5,65 ng/ml e evidência ultrassonográfica de colapso folicular (razão de chances [RC]: 2,69; IC95%: 1,04–6,98).

Conclusão O IMC acima da faixa normal compromete a ovulação em mulheres inférteis não obesas com ciclos menstruais regulares.

Keywords

female infertility - anovulation - overweight - assisted reproductive techniques

Palavras-chave

infertilidade feminina - anovulação - sobrepeso - técnicas de reprodução assistida

Contributions

C. R. G. contributed in the study design, data analysis and manuscript writing; E. G. M. S. contributed in the study design and data analysis; Y.A.R.L. contributed in the study design and data analysis; M. S. A. contributed in the study design, data analysis, and interpretation and manuscript writing. All authors have seen, reviewed, and approved the final version of the manuscript.




Publication History

Received: 03 December 2019

Accepted: 03 September 2021

Article published online:
06 December 2021

© 2021. Federação Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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