Download PDF
Horm Metab Res 2016; 48(06): 394-398
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-101029
Endocrine Care
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Effect of Different Doses of Oral Cholecalciferol on Serum 1,25(OH)2D in Vitamin D Deficient Schoolchildren

A. A. Ghazi
1   Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
,
F. Hosseinpanah
2   Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
,
H. Abdi
1   Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
,
M. Hedayati
3   Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
,
M. Hasheminia
4   Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
,
S. Ghazi
1   Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
,
F. Azizi
1   Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 28 September 2015

accepted 07 January 2016

Publication Date:
14 March 2016 (online)

Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Data regarding 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in adolescents are limited. We aimed to determine serum levels of this active metabolite of vitamin D and the effects of different doses of vitamin D on its concentration in schoolchildren with high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. In a previously published randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 210 subjects, aged 14–20 years, were assigned to 3 regimens of vitamin D treatment: group A (n=70) received 50 000 U oral cholecalciferol monthly, group B (n=70), 50 000 U bimonthly, and group C (n=70), placebo. Serum 25(OH)D, calcium, parathyroid hormone, and bone markers were measured at baseline and after 2 and 5 months of treatment. In the present study, serum levels of 1,25(OH)2D were measured in 97 boys and 95 girls. At baseline, girls had significantly higher concentrations of 1,25(OH)2D than boys (36, IQR: 24, 63 vs. 30, IQR: 15, 57.5 pmol/l; p<0.01). There was no significant correlation between serum levels of 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D in the total population (Spearman rho=− 0.111; p=0.126), boys (Spearman rho=0.008; p=0.941), and girls (Spearman rho=0.036; p=0.729). Also, 1,25(OH)2D values did not change over time in different study groups. Moreover, total and sex-stratified analysis did not show any significant difference between different groups at different times of the study period. In an adolescent population with high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D especially in girls, 1,25(OH)2D values were higher in girls than boys. There was no significant change in 1,25(OH)2D concentrations with different doses of vitamin D.

Key words

hypovitaminosis D - 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol - adolescents

Supporting Information

 

  • References

  • 1 Holick MF. Vitamin D deficiency. N Eng J Med 2007; 357: 266-281
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 2 El-Hajj Fuleihan G, Nabulsi M, Choucair M, Salamoun M, Hajj Shahine C, Kizirian A, Tannous R. Hypovitaminosis D in healthy schoolchildren. Pediatrics 2001; 107: E53
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 3 Tylavsky FA, Ryder KM, Li R, Park V, Womack C, Norwood J, Carbone LD, Cheng S. Preliminary findings: 25(OH)D levels and PTH are indicators of rapid bone accrual in pubertal children. J Am College Nutr 2007; 26: 462-470
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 4 Cashman KD, Hill TR, Cotter AA, Boreham CA, Dubitzky W, Murray L, Strain J, Flynn A, Robson PJ, Wallace JM, Kiely M. Low vitamin D status adversely affects bone health parameters in adolescents. Am J Clin Nutr 2008; 87: 1039-1044
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 5 Taylor AF, Norman ME. Vitamin D metabolite levels in normal children. Pediatr Res 1984; 18: 886-890
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 6 Lehtonen-Veromaa M, Mottonen T, Irjala K, Karkkainen M, Lamberg-Allardt C, Hakola P, Viikari J. Vitamin D intake is low and hypovitaminosis D common in healthy 9- to 15-year-old Finnish girls. Eur J Clin Nutr 1999; 53: 746-751
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 7 Du X, Greenfield H, Fraser DR, Ge K, Trube A, Wang Y. Vitamin D deficiency and associated factors in adolescent girls in Beijing. Am J Clin Nutr 2001; 74: 494-500
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 8 Gordon CM, DePeter KC, Feldman HA, Grace E, Emans SJ. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among healthy adolescents. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2004; 158: 531-537
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 9 Kimball S, Fuleihan Gel H, Vieth R. Vitamin D: a growing perspective. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2008; 45: 339-414
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 10 Need AG, Horowitz M, Morris HA, Nordin BC. Vitamin D status: effects on parathyroid hormone and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr 2000; 71: 1577-1581
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 11 Need AG, O’Loughlin PD, Morris HA, Coates PS, Horowitz M, Nordin BE. Vitamin D metabolites and calcium absorption in severe vitamin D deficiency. J Bone Mineral Res 2008; 23: 1859-1863
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 12 Houghton LA, Gray AR, Harper MJ, Winichagoon P, Pongcharoen T, Gowachirapant S, Gibson RS. Vitamin D status among Thai school children and the association with 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone levels. PloS One 2014; 9: e104825
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 13 Aksnes L, Aarskog D. Plasma concentrations of vitamin D metabolites in puberty: effect of sexual maturation and implications for growth. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1982; 55: 94-101
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 14 Ilich JZ, Badenhop NE, Jelic T, Clairmont AC, Nagode LA, Matkovic V. Calcitriol and bone mass accumulation in females during puberty. Calcif Tissue Int 1997; 61: 104-109
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 15 [Anonymous]. Abstracts of the 3rd International Conference on Children’s Bone Health. 11-14 May 2005, Sorrento, Italy. Bone 2005; 36 (Suppl. 01) S5-S102
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 16 Maalouf J, Nabulsi M, Vieth R, Kimball S, El-Rassi R, Mahfoud Z, El-Hajj Fuleihan G. Short- and long-term safety of weekly high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation in school children. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008; 93: 2693-2701
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 17 Ghazi AA, Hosseinpanah FEMA, Ghazi S, Hedayati M, Azizi F. Effects of different doses of oral cholecalciferol on serum 25(OH)D, PTH, calcium and bone markers during fall and winter in schoolchildren. Eur J Clin Nutr 2010; 64: 1415-1422
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 18 Holick MF, Binkley NC, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Gordon CM, Hanley DA, Heaney RP, Murad MH, Weaver CM. Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 96: 1911-1930
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 19 Schoenmakers I, Ginty F, Jarjou LM, Nigdikar S, Bennett J, Laidlaw A, Prentice A. Interrelation of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D metabolites in adolescents from the UK and The Gambia. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2010; 121: 217-220
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 20 Chapuy MC, Chapuy P, Meunier PJ. Calcium and vitamin D supplements: effects on calcium metabolism in elderly people. Am J Clin Nutr 1987; 46: 324-328
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 21 Honkanen R, Alhava E, Parviainen M, Talasniemi S, Monkkonen R. The necessity and safety of calcium and vitamin D in the elderly. J Am Geriatr Soc 1990; 38: 862-866
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 22 Holvik K, Madar AA, Meyer HE, Lofthus CM, Stene LC. Changes in the vitamin D endocrine system and bone turnover after oral vitamin D3 supplementation in healthy adults: results of a randomised trial. BMC Endocr Disord 2012; 12: 7
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 23 Barger-Lux MJ, Heaney RP, Dowell S, Chen TC, Holick MF. Vitamin D and its major metabolites: serum levels after graded oral dosing in healthy men. Osteoporosis Int 1998; 8: 222-230
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 24 Cashman KD, FitzGerald AP, Viljakainen HT, Jakobsen J, Michaelsen KF, Lamberg-Allardt C, Molgaard C. Estimation of the dietary requirement for vitamin D in healthy adolescent white girls. Am J Clin Nutr 2011; 93: 549-555
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 25 Lewis RD, Laing EM, Hill Gallant KM, Hall DB, McCabe GP, Hausman DB, Martin BR, Warden SJ, Peacock M, Weaver CM. A randomized trial of vitamin D(3) supplementation in children: dose-response effects on vitamin D metabolites and calcium absorption. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 98: 4816-4825
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 26 Vierucci F, Del Pistoia M, Fanos M, Erba P, Saggese G. Prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and predictors of vitamin D status in Italian healthy adolescents. Ital J Pediatr 2014; 40: 54
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar