Das komplexe regionale Schmerzsyndrom (CRPS) bei Kindern und Jugendlichen

Zusammenfassung

Zunehmend häufig werden Kinder und Jugendliche mit lokalisierten oder generalisierten muskuloskelettalen Schmerzen (kinder-)rheumatologisch vorgestellt, ohne dass eine zugrunde liegende rheumatologische Erkrankung diagnostiziert werden kann. Differenzialdiagnostisch müssen Schmerzerkrankungen bedacht werden. Eine lokalisierte chronische Schmerzsymptomatik ist seltener zu finden als die generalisierte Form. Vor allem das komplexe regionale Schmerzsyndrom (complex regional pain syndrome, CRPS) weist bei Kindern und Jugendlichen im Vergleich zum Erwachsenenalter einige Besonderheiten, nicht zuletzt bezüglich Behandlung und Prognose auf. Multimodale Therapieprogramme haben gute Erfolgsaussichten, die Therapie sollte zeitnah durch pädiatrisch und schmerztherapeutisch erfahrene Behandler erfolgen, um eine Chronifizierung zu vermeiden.

Abstract

An increasing number of children and adolescents are seen by (paediatric) rheumatologists with symptoms of localised or generalised musculoskeletal pain without any underlying rheumatic disease. In this context, pain disorders are potential differential diagnoses. In patients presenting with chronic localised pain, which is rather rare compared to generalised pain, a complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) has to be considered. In comparison to adults there are some differences in paediatric CRPS, especially regarding treatment and prognosis. Multimodal treatment programs offer good chances of success. This treatment should be rapidly initiated by paediatric pain specialists to avoid a chronic course.

Schlüsselwörter

Komplexes regionales Schmerzsyndrom - Kinder und Jugendliche - Multimodale Therapie - CRPS - Chronische Schmerzen

Key words

CRPS - complex regional pain syndrome - children and adolescents - chronic pain - multimodal treatment

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