Endoscopy, Table of Contents Endoscopy 2016; 48(S 01): E186-E187DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-107074 Cases and Techniques Library (CTL) © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York Mediastinitis, pseudo-aneurysm formation, aortic bleed, and death from endoscopic botulinum toxin injection Mark Z. Y. Tan 1 Critical Care Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom , Jennifer Whitgift 2 General Surgery Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital King’s Lynn, King’s Lynn, United Kingdom , Hugh Warren 2 General Surgery Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital King’s Lynn, King’s Lynn, United Kingdom › Author Affiliations Recommend Article Abstract Full Text References References 1 Pehlivanov N, Pasricha PJ. Achalasia: botox, dilatation or laparoscopic surgery in 2006. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2006; 18: 799-804 2 Vaezi MF, Pandolfino JE, Vela MF. ACG clinical guideline: diagnosis and management of achalasia. Am J Gastroenterol 2013; 108: 1238-1249 3 Chao CY, Raj A, Saad N et al. Esophageal perforation, inflammatory mediastinitis and pseudoaneurysm of the thoracic aorta as potential complications of botulinum toxin injection for achalasia. Dig Endosc 2015; 27: 618-621
