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Planta Med 2017; 83(03/04): 312-317
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-115773
Natural Product Chemistry and Analytical Studies
Original Papers
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Identification of Meliatoxins in Melia azedarach Extracts Using Mass Spectrometry for Quality Control

Vivian E. Cornelio
1   Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
,
Moacir R. Forim
1   Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
,
Bruno Perlatti
1   Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
,
João B. Fernandes
1   Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
,
Paulo C. Vieira
1   Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
,
Michael P. Napolitano
2   Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
,
Richard A. Yost
2   Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
,
Maria Fátima G. F. da Silva
1   Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 19 April 2016
revised 19 July 2016

accepted 19 August 2016

Publication Date:
06 September 2016 (online)

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Abstract

Indiscriminate use of synthetic pesticides can be hazardous to both humans and the environment, but the use of natural products as a source of bio-based products, such as Melia azedarach extracts, is an interesting approach to overcome these hazards. Unfortunately, the limonoids found in M. azedarach with desired insecticidal properties (e.g. azadirachtin) may also be present with limonoids toxic to mammals. The goal of this report was to develop a fast and reliable MS-based experiment to characterize meliatoxins in crude extracts of M. azedarach, in order to provide unequivocal assessment of the safety for extracts for application in the field. MS and MS/MS experiments using MALDI ionization were evaluated as tools for the assignment of characteristic ions produced by each meliatoxin in crude extracts.

The use of different experiments in combination, such as the analysis of fragment m/z 557 and [M + Na]+ (adducts ions m/z 681 and m/z 667), MALDI-MS can be used for detection of meliatoxins A1/B1 or A2/B2 in a crude extract and may be used to discriminate meliatoxins A from B, respectively. Subsequent MS/MS experiments can distinguish between the presence of group 1 and/or 2 in each class of meliatoxins classifying the proposed approach as a quick and efficient quality control method of meliatoxins in real M. azedarach samples.

Key words

Melia azedarach - Meliaceae - MALDI-MS - Meliatoxin - limonoids - chinaberry

Supporting Information

 

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