Eine pneumologische Rehabilitation nach akuter Exazerbation der COPD senkt die Rate erneuter Exazerbationen

Zusammenfassung

Ziel der Studie Die akute Exazerbation einer COPD (AECOPD) stellt für die Patienten ein erhebliches Risiko dar und ist für die Prognose mitentscheidend. Bisherige Ergebnisse über die Auswirkungen einer pneumologischen Rehabilitation (PR) auf die Exazerbationsfrequenz nach AECOPD sind uneinheitlich. Es wurde eine prospektive, fallkontrollierte Studie mit dem Ziel durchgeführt, den Einfluss der PR auf die Exazerbationsfrequenz nach AECOPD zu messen.

Patienten und Methoden Eine PR wurde bei 57 COPD-Patienten nach AECOPD durchgeführt. Davon konnten 30 nach einem Jahr nachuntersucht werden und wurden mit 32 Kontrollpatienten (KG = hospitalisiert wegen AECOPD ohne PR) verglichen. Die Anzahl der Exazerbationen wurde innerhalb der Gruppen und zwischen den Gruppen analysiert. Registrierung: DRKS Nr. 00 006 847.

Ergebnisse Im Intragruppenvergleich war die Exazerbationsrate in der PR-Gruppe im Jahr nach der Rehabilitation signifikant niedriger (0,97 ± 1,52 vs. 2,67±1,12; p < 0,001). Ebenfalls signifikant niedriger zeigte sich die Anzahl der Exazerbationen im Intergruppenvergleich nach einem Jahr in der PR-Gruppe vs. KG-Gruppe (0,97 ± 1,52 vs 2,16 ± 1,25; p < 0,001).

Schlussfolgerung Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass durch die PR im Untersuchungszeitraum von einem Jahr die Exazerabationsrate nach AECOPD im Vergleich prä/post und im Intergruppenvergleich zur KG-Gruppe signifikant gesenkt werden konnte. Weitere prospektive Studien, die den Stellenwert der PR nach AECOPD untersuchen, sind erforderlich.

Abstract

Objective Acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) provides for patients a significant hazard and is crucial for the prognosis. Data on the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) on the frequency of reexacerbations after AECOPD are inconsistent. A prospective, case-control study was conducted with the aim of measuring the impact of PR on the frequency of reexacerbations after AECOPD.

Patients and Methods A PR was performed in 57 patients with COPD after AECOPD. 30 participants were followed-up after one year and compared to 32 Control-Group (KG = hospitalized for AECOPD without PR). The rate of reexacerbations was both retrospectively in the year preceding the AECOPD, and prospectively in the year after AECOPD analyzed within groups and between groups.

Results In the intra group comparison the exacerbation rate was significantly lower in the PR-group in the year after rehabilitation (0.97 ± 2.67 vs. 1.52 ± 1.12; p < 0.001). The intergroup comparison also showed a significantly lower number of exacerbations for the PR-group (0.97 ± 1.52 vs 2.16 ± 1.25; p < 0.001).

Conclusion It was shown that the exacerbation rate after an AECOPD could be significantly reduced in the PR-group in comparison to the KG-group during the investigation period of one year by PR. More prospective studies are required to define the value of PR in the context of AECOPD.

Schlüsselwörter

pneumologische Rehabilitation - COPD - SGRQ - CAT - HADS - Exazerbation

Key words

pulmonary rehabilitation - COPD - SGRQ - CAT - HADS - exacerbation

^* M. Spielmanns und A. Meier sind gleichberechtigte Erstautoren

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