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CC BY 4.0 · Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2022; 44(05): 540-547
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1744290
Review

Dietary Patterns during Pregnancy and Gestational Weight Gain: A Systematic Review

Padrões alimentares durante a gravidez e ganho de peso gestacional: Uma revisão sistemática
Larissa Bueno Ferreira 
1   Child and Adolescent Health, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina/UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
,
Cecília Viana Lobo 
2   Nutrition Departament, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Escola de Enfermagem/UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
,
Aline Elizabeth da Silva Miranda 
2   Nutrition Departament, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Escola de Enfermagem/UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
,
Brenda da Cunha Carvalho 
2   Nutrition Departament, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Escola de Enfermagem/UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
,
Luana Caroline dos Santos 
2   Nutrition Departament, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Escola de Enfermagem/UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Abstract

The present systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42020148630) hypothesizes the association of excessive weight gain during pregnancy with dietary patterns composed of ultraprocessed foods. Thus, the objective was to investigate the association between dietary patterns after analysis and weight gain during pregnancy. The search for articles was performed in nine databases. Two reviewers selected the articles in the databases and extracted from them the data used in the review. Two scales were used to evaluate the quality of the selected studies: New Castle-Ottawa Quality Assessment for cohort-based studies and Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS) for cross-sectional-based studies. In total, 11 studies were identified with sample size variation (n = 173–5,733). Women presenting more adherence to healthy and traditional patterns (fruits, vegetables, salads, nuts, and dairy) recorded less excessive gestational weight gain (GWG). Higher intake of mixed patterns and western patterns rich in ultraprocessed foods were associated with a higher prevalence of excessive GWG (24.48–55.20%). Gestational dietary patterns a posteriori-derived that have presented ultraprocessed components rich in fat and sugars presented association with high GWG; healthy and traditional dietary patterns were related to better mother-child health conditions, such as adequate GWG.

Resumo

A presente revisão sistemática (PROSPERO: CRD42020148630) tem como hipótese que o ganho de peso excessivo durante a gravidez está associado aos padrões alimentares compostos por alimentos ultraprocessados. Desta forma, objetivou-se investigar a associação entre o padrão alimentar a posteriori e o ganho de peso durante a gestação. A busca de artigos foi realizada em nove bases de dados. Dois revisores selecionaram os artigos nestas bases e extraíram as informações utilizadas na revisão. Duas escalas foram utilizadas para avaliar a qualidade dos estudos selecionados: Escala de Avaliação da Qualidade de New Castle-Ottawa para estudos baseados em coortes e a Ferramenta de Avaliação de Estudos Transversais (escala AXIS) para estudos transversais. No total, foram identificados 11 trabalhos com variação do tamanho amostral (n = 173–5.733). As mulheres que apresentaram maior adesão aos padrões alimentares saudáveis e tradicionais (frutas, hortaliças e vegetais, nozes e laticínios) apresentaram menor ganho de peso gestacional (GPG). A maior ingestão de padrões alimentares mistos e ocidentais ricos em alimentos ultraprocessados foi associada a uma maior prevalência de GPG excessivo (24,48–55,20%). Os padrões alimentares gestacionais derivados a posteriori que apresentaram componentes ultraprocessados ricos em gordura e açúcares apresentaram associação com o maior GPG; os padrões alimentares saudáveis e tradicionais foram relacionados a melhores condições de saúde materno-infantil, como GPG adequado.

Keywords

gestational dietary patterns - weight gain - pregnancy - pregnant women - diets

Palavras-chave

padrões alimentares gestacionais - ganho de peso - gravidez - gestantes - dietas


Publication History

Received: 05 April 2021

Accepted: 11 January 2022

Article published online:
28 April 2022

© 2022. Federação Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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