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CC BY 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2023; 17(02): 424-430
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1747951
Original Article

Immunohistochemical Expression of Programmed Death Ligand 1 in Oral Extranodal Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma

Rania Hanafi Mahmoud Said 
1   Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, El Salam District Ismailia Governorate, Egypt
2   Department of Oral Pathology in Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al Qura University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
,
Fatma F. Hussein 
3   Department of Oral Medicine, Oral Diagnosis and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Minia University, Minya, Menia Governorate, Egypt
4   Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al Qura University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
,
Amal M. El-Deeb
2   Department of Oral Pathology in Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al Qura University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
5   Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Gharbia Governorate, Egypt
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Abstract

Objective Lymphomas are the third most common cancer after squamous cell carcinoma and salivary gland tumors. Extranodal diffuse B cell lymphoma (DBCL) represents 30 to 58% of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. One of the major problems of DBCL is the high likelihood of disease relapse following treatment. A recent trend in the treatment of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is blockage of an immune checkpoint inhibitor that targets the programmed death of cell ligand 1 receptors (PD-L1). PD-L1 activation results in negative regulatory signals that induce apoptosis and inhibit tumor antigen-specific T cells allowing immune evasion of the tumor.

The aim of this aim is to measure the expression level of PD-L1 on oral tissue samples from DLBCL patients using immunohistochemistry.

Materials and Methods This current study was performed at the Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Egypt. Ethical approval was conducted from Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University. Tissue samples were collected from 13 patients diagnosed with oral extranodal DLBCL) nongerminal center B cell like subtype. Both hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemical staining (The avidin-biotin-complex procedure) was performed with anti-PD-L1 antibody (clone number: 28–8, Abcam, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States).

Cytoplasmic and/or membranous positive intensity was graded as follows: very mild staining, mild staining, moderate staining, and intense staining using Image J, 1.41a (National Institutes of Health, United States) image analysis software. The mean area fraction of the stained cells was calculated by counting immunostained cells in three fields of each case by two pathologists. Data was entered in SPSS program for analysis.

Results PD-L1 was overexpressed on tumor cells of oral extranodal DLBCL than control cells from lesion free areas of oral tissues of the same patient.

Keywords

oral extranodal diffuse B cell lymphoma - diffuse large B cell lymphoma - programmed cell death ligand 1

Ethical Approval

Ethical approval for this study was granted by Research Ethics Committee of Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Egypt, on November 2019.




Publication History

Article published online:
09 August 2022

© 2022. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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