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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · South Asian J Cancer 2023; 12(02): 185-189
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1748184
Original Article
Lymphoma and Myeloma

Clinical Outcomes of Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant in Multiple Myeloma Patients: A 5-year Experience from a Single Centre in North India

Nitin Sood
1   Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
,
Aseem Kumar Tiwari
2   Department of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
,
Swati Pabbi
2   Department of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
,
Roshan Dikshit
1   Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
,
Prerna Singh
1   Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
,
Amrita Ramaswami
3   Department of Hemato-Oncology and BMT, Artemis Hospital, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
,
Dheeraj Gautam
4   Department of Histopathology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
,
Manish Kumar Singh
5   Department of Bio-Statistician, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
› Author Affiliations Funding None.
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Abstract

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Swati Pabbi

Introduction Multiple myeloma (MM) forms a significant proportion of hematological malignancies. Autologous transplantation continues to be an effective consolidation strategy in resource-restricted settings such as India.

Objectives The main objective of the study was to analyze the clinical outcomes of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) in MM patients in a single tertiary care center in north India over a period of 5 years.

Materials and Methods This retrospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care center in north India. Data of all MM patients who underwent HSCT between January 2014, and December 2018, were analyzed. The outcome of HSCT was investigated in terms of transplant-related mortality (TRM), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and relapse. PFS and OS were calculated by Kaplan–Meier method and differences between the groups were tested for statistical significance using the two-tailed log-rank test. Life-table method was used for the estimation of survival rate at 1, 3, 5, and 6 years.

Results Patient characteristics and survival post-transplant was similar to other published Indian studies. In total, 378 patients were diagnosed with MM in our hospital between 2014 and 2018. One hundred ninety-three patients were found to be eligible for autologous HSCT, out of which 52 ended up having a transplant giving us a high percentage (26.9%) of patients receiving a transplant in our setting. Transplant-related mortality (TRM) was nil in the present study. The mean PFS and OS were 62.8 and 70.1 months, respectively. The mean PFS and OS rates at 5 years were 75.3% and 84.2%, respectively. The average cost estimate of HSCT in our setting was 7.2 lakh Indian national rupees.

Conclusion Autologous HSCT is a safe procedure with nil 100-day mortality in present series. Moreover, considering the cost of novel agents, autologous transplant remains a cost-effective way for prolonging remission and time-to-next treatment in India.

Keywords

myeloma - multiple myeloma - autologous transplant - hematopoietic stem cell transplant


Publication History

Article published online:
16 August 2022

© 2022. MedIntel Services Pvt Ltd. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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