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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2022; 43(03): 314-317
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1748489
Case Report with Review of Literature

Xanthogranulomatous Oophoritis in the Setting of Post-IVF Twin Pregnancy with History of Endometriosis: A Rare Case Report with Review of Literature

Chinmay Shrikrishna Pendharkar 
1   Department of Pathology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
,
Sunita B.S
1   Department of Pathology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
,
Ganesh Pendkur
1   Department of Pathology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
,
Dheeraj J. Nandagawe
1   Department of Pathology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Abstract

Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is an uncommon, nonneoplastic, chronic process in which the affected organ is destroyed by massive cellular infiltration of foamy histiocytes admixed with multinucleated giant cells, plasma cells, fibroblasts, neutrophils, and foci of necrosis. The organs most commonly affected by this entity are kidney and gallbladder. Only a few cases involving the ovary have been reported. The etiology of this entity is unknown, but the associated risk factors are infection, inappropriate antibiotic therapy, use of intrauterine contraceptive device, abnormalities in lipid metabolism, endometriosis, leiomyoma, and recurrent pelvic inflammatory disease. The current case was a 31-year-old female with post-in vitro fertilization (post-IVF) twin pregnancy, who presented with pain in the abdomen, provisionally diagnosed as ovarian mass with suspicion of malignancy. Patient was treated with antibiotics and an elective lower segment cesarean section was planned, due to lower abdominal pain and the presentation of both fetuses being breech. Patient underwent exploratory laparotomy with right oophorectomy and left double-J stenting, in view of left hydronephrosis. Diagnosis of xanthogranulomatous oophoritis was established on histopathological examination. There is only a single case; previously documented from India, in the setting of primary infertility. The present case report stresses that the condition may affect women of any age group and may be encountered in pregnancy, as has been observed in this case. Hence, thinking about this differential diagnosis in the cases presenting with similar complaints, would be of great value to avoid misdiagnosing them.

Keywords

pathology - xanthogranulomatous oophoritis - foamy histiocytes

Declaration of Patient Consent

The authors certify that they have obtained all appropriate patient consent forms. In the form, the patient has given her consent for her images and other clinical information to be reported in the journal. The patient understands that her name and initials will not be published and due efforts will be made to conceal their identity.




Publication History

Article published online:
01 July 2022

© 2022. Indian Society of Medical and Paediatric Oncology. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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