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CC BY 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2023; 17(03): 587-601
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1753470
Review Article

Effects of Chlorhexidine and Povidone-Iodine on the SARS-CoV-2 Load: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Faizul Hasan
1   School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
,
Hsiao-Yean Chiu
1   School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
,
Eisner Salamanca
2   School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
,
Edi S. Ridwan 
3   School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alma Ata University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
,
Bayu S. Wiratama
4   Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta City, Indonesia
,
Hendrik S. Budi 
5   Department of Oral Biology, Dental Pharmacology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Abstract

The efficacy of mouthwash for reducing the viral load in patients with the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis comprehensively examined the effects of chlorhexidine (CHX) and povidone-iodine (PVP-I) on the viral load in patients with COVID-19. We performed methodological analysis, systematic review, and meta-analysis of included studies using the Comprehensive Meta-analysis Software. PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and ProQuest were searched from December 1, 2019, to December 2, 2021. In total, we included 10 studies of 1,339 patients with COVID-19. Compared with the control group, both CHX and PVP-I significantly reduced the number of negative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results (p<0.001) among COVID-19 patients. The CHX and PVP-I were effective on reducing the number of negative RT-PCR results in COVID-19 patients. Additional studies using adequate randomization methods and larger samples are warned.

Keywords

mouthwash - oral health - viral load - cycle threshold - infectious disease

Supplementary Material



Publication History

Article published online:
08 September 2022

© 2022. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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