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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2022; 43(05): 393-403
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1755445
Review Article

Epidemiological Review: Esophagus Squamous Cell Carcinoma in India

Nikita Rajput
1   Department of Molecular Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
,
Devyani Gholap
1   Department of Molecular Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
,
Sharayu Mhatre
1   Department of Molecular Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
,
Rajesh Dikshit
1   Department of Molecular Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Abstract

Worldwide the incidence of esophagus squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), remains one of the most common causes of cancer death. ESCC is one of the leading types of cancer in the North and Northeast regions of India among both genders. Risk factors of ESCC include tobacco, alcohol, areca nut, hot beverages, low fruit diet, poor oral hygiene, unpiped water, and human papillomavirus infection. This review tries to elaborate on various modifiable risk factors for ESCC, which have been studied worldwide and need to be studied in India. PubMed was used as a search platform using keywords, such as “esophagus cancer,” “esophagus squamous cell carcinoma,” “epidemiology,” “India,” “incidence,” “mortality,” “risk factors,” “treatment,” “survival,” “prevention” and their corresponding Medical Subject Heading terms, were used in combination with Boolean operators “OR” and “AND.” Studies from India are mostly hospital-based case-control studies from the North region. Further research is required in India to understand the etiology, to design large-scale screening and prevention strategies.

Keywords

esophagus squamous cell carcinoma - esophagus cancer - review - epidemiology - risk factor - India

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Publication History

Article published online:
20 October 2022

© 2022. Indian Society of Medical and Paediatric Oncology. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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