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DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1758364
Quality of life: predictors and outcomes after stroke in a Brazilian public hospital
Qualidade de vida: preditores e desfechos após acidente vascular cerebral em um hospital público brasileiro
Abstract
Background Some scales are applied after stroke to measure functional independence but qualify of life (QoL) is sometimes neglected in this scenario.
Objective To analyze predictors and outcomes of QoL after stroke using a validated scale in our population.
Methods Our study included patients who had their first ischemic stroke and were followed in the outpatient clinic for at least 6 months from stroke index. Disability status was assessed using the modified Rankin scale (mRS), the Barthel index (BI), and the Lawton and Brody scale. Quality of life was assessed by a stroke-specific QoL (SSQoL) scale. Statistical significance was accepted for p < 0.05. The estimated measure of association was the odds ratio (OR) for which 95% confidence intervals (95%Cis) were presented.
Results Of 196 patients studied, the median age was 60.4 (±13.4) years, and 89 (45.40%) of the patients were female. In a stepwise model considering risk factors, basic activities of daily living scales, satisfaction with life, and outcomes, we found four independent variables related to a poor QoL after stroke, namely hypertension, non-regular rehabilitation, not returning to work, and medical complications. The National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) score at admission ≥ 9 was also an independent clinical marker. Approximately 30% of all participants had a negative score under 147 points in the SSQoL.
Conclusions Our results showed that QoL after stroke in a developing country did not seem to differ from those of other countries, although there is a gap in rehabilitation programs in our public system. The functional scales are important tools, but they have failed to predict QoL, in some patients, when compared with specific scales.
Resumo
Antecedentes Algumas escalas são aplicadas após o acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) para avaliar a independência funcional, mas a qualidade de vida (QV) às vezes é negligenciada nesse cenário.
Objetivo Analisar preditores e desfechos de QV após AVC utilizando uma escala validada em nossa população.
Métodos Nosso estudo incluiu pacientes que tiveram seu primeiro AVC isquêmico e foram acompanhados no ambulatório por pelo menos 6 meses após o AVC. A funcionalidade foi avaliada pela escala de Rankin modificada, índice de Barthel e escala de Lawton e Brody. A QV foi avaliada pela ecala de qualidade de vida específica de acidente vascular cerebral (SSQoL). A significância estatística aceita foi p < 0,05. A medida de associação estimada foi o odds ratio (OR), para o qual foram apresentados intervalos de confiança (IC) de 95%.
Resultados Dos 196 pacientes, a média de idade foi de 60,4 (±13,4) anos, sendo 89 (45,40%) do sexo feminino. Em um modelo stepwise considerando fatores de risco, escalas de atividades básicas da vida diária, satisfação com a vida e desfechos, encontramos quatro variáveis independentes relacionadas a uma QV ruim após o AVC, como hipertensão, reabilitação não regular, não retorno ao trabalho e comorbidades pós-AVC. A pontuação NIHSS na admissão ≥ 9 também foi um marcador clínico independente. Aproximadamente 30% de todos os participantes tiveram uma pontuação abaixo de 147 pontos para SSQoL.
Conclusões Nossos resultados mostraram que a QV após AVC em um país em desenvolvimento não parece diferir de outros países, apesar da lacuna nos programas de reabilitação em nosso sistema público. As escalas funcionais são ferramentas importantes, mas falharam em alguns pacientes em predizer a QV quando comparadas com escalas específicas.
Keywords
Stroke - Quality of Life - Stroke Rehabilitation - Health Services Accessibility - Patient Reported Outcome MeasuresPalavras-chave
Acidente Vascular Cerebral - Qualidade de Vida - Reabilitação do Acidente Vascular Cerebral - Acesso aos Serviços de Saúde - Medidas de Resultados Relatados pelo PacienteAuthors' Contributions
CR: writing of the original draft, editing, methodology, and investigation; MZ: validation and visualization; ML: formal analysis and data curation; VFZ: supervision, project administration, conceptualization and writing review.
Publication History
Received: 02 May 2022
Accepted: 15 July 2022
Article published online:
14 March 2023
© 2023. Academia Brasileira de Neurologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
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