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DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1758539
Approach to Acute Respiratory Illness in Children with Hematological Malignancy: A Prospective Study Evaluating Utility of CT Scan
Funding None.![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/10.1055-s-00050348/202206/lookinside/thumbnails/10-1055-s-0042-1758539_22440678-1.jpg)
Abstract
Introduction Various pulmonary complications can occur in children with hematological malignancies including both infection and malignant disease infiltration of pulmonary parenchyma.
Objectives To assess the role of CT scan in determining the etiology of acute pulmonary complications in children with hematological malignancies.
Materials and Methods All children < 17 years with newly diagnosed hematological malignancy with respiratory symptoms (Group A) along with children who developed fever with persistent respiratory symptoms as well as worsening chest radiographs during treatment (Group B) and underwent CECT thorax, from February 2019 to July 2020 were enrolled. The final diagnosis was made on the basis of clinical history, laboratory as well as radiological investigations and treatment response.
Results Thirty-seven children with mean age of 7.5 ± 3.5 years and male to female ratio of 1.3:1 who underwent CECT thorax were included in our study. For newly diagnosed cases, i.e., Group A (n = 8), the most common cause of respiratory symptoms as identified on CECT thorax was pulmonary tumoral infiltration (n = 5) followed by tuberculosis (n = 3). However, in Group B (n = 29) the cause of persistent respiratory symptoms was identified as infection (n = 17) followed by leukemic infiltration (n = 12). Thus, chest CT could accurately identify pulmonary tuberculosis, fungal pneumonia, bacterial infection, and pulmonary tumoral infiltrates.
Conclusion CT scan can be used as an adjunctive tool for prompt diagnosis and management of pulmonary complications in children with persistent respiratory symptoms as they are often non-specific.
Data, Materials and/or Code Availability
Data are available with the corresponding author and can be shared on reasonable request.
Ethics Approval
The study was approved by the institutional ethics committee of Institute of medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University.
Publikationsverlauf
Artikel online veröffentlicht:
29. November 2022
© 2022. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
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