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CC BY 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2023; 17(04): 1201-1206
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1760298
Original Article

Acanthus ilicifolius Methanolic Extract for Oral Candidiasis Treatment through Tongue Epithelial STAT3 and Cell Death Evaluation

Syamsulina Revianti
1   Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Hang Tuah, Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
,
Dwi Andriani 
1   Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Hang Tuah, Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
,
Agni Febrina Pargaputri
1   Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Hang Tuah, Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
,
Mardiyanto Riski Hartono
1   Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Hang Tuah, Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Abstract

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the effects of topical application of Acanthus ilicifolius methanolic extract on signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) expression and tongue epithelial cell death caused by oral candidiasis under immunosuppressive conditions.

Materials and Methods To obtain the oral candidiasis model, 20 healthy male Rattus norvegicus (Wistar) rats were administered oral dexamethasone and tetracycline for 14 days and oral candidiasis was induced with Candida albicans (ATCC-10231) 1 McFarland. They were then randomized into four groups—immunosuppression (K-), oral candidiasis (K + ), nystatin treatment (P1), and 20% A. ilicifolius methanolic extract treatment (P2) and were treated for 14 days. Histological analyses of cell death and candida invasion and immunohistochemical analysis of STAT3 in epithelial cells were performed.

Statistical Analysis Epithelial cell death data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the post hoc Games–Howell test (p < 0.05) and STAT3 expression with one-way ANOVA and the post hoc least significant difference test (p < 0.05).

Results Cell death was significantly different between K- and K+ and between K+ and P1 and P2 (p < 0.05); there were no significant differences between K- and P1 and P2 and between P1 and P2 (p > 0.05). STAT3 expression was significantly different between K- and P1 and P2 and between K+ and P1 and P2 (p < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between K+ and K- and between P1 and P2 (p > 0.05).

Conclusion Topical administration of A. ilicifolius methanol extract increased STAT3 expression and decreased tongue epithelial cell death caused by oral candidiasis.

Keywords

cell death - STAT3 - immunosuppression - oral candidiasis - corticosteroids - antifungals


Publication History

Article published online:
10 February 2023

© 2023. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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