Nachweis und Bedeutung von Kidd-Antikörpern im Festphasensystem (Capture-R^® Ready-Screen^®, Immucor)

Zusammenfassung

Der Nachweis von Kidd-Antikörpern gilt unter Immunhämatologen als besonders anspruchsvoll, da der Antikörper als transfusionsmedizinisch relevant eingestuft wird, aber nicht konsistent in allen Untersuchungsmethoden und oft nur passager nachweisbar ist. In Laboratorien, in denen der Capture-R^® Ready-Screen^®-Test zur Antikörpersuche eingeführt wurde, werden Kidd-Antikörper signifikant häufiger nachgewiesen als in der Röhrchen- oder Gelkartenzentrifugationsmethode im indirekten Antihumanglobulintest. Ob diese Antikörper, die nun vermehrt im Festphasensystem zu finden sind, klinisch auch eine Relevanz haben, ist insbesondere auch nach einer Publikation von Kay et al. in der Diskussion. Im Folgenden soll die Bedeutung des Nachweises der Kidd-Antikörper und deren klinischer Wertigkeit anhand der Literatur und den eigenen Daten dargestellt werden.

Abstract

The recognition of Kidd antibodies is known to be challenging. Oftentimes the antibody is only temporary identifiable, not visible consistently in all methods but relevant in transfusion matters, for it is known to be involved in acute and delayed transfusion reactions even with fatal outcome. In laboratories in which the Capture-R^® Ready-Screen^® was introduced for routine antibody screen, Kidd antibodies are found significantly more often in comparison to column agglutination or tube method. The clinical significance of Kidd antibodies that are found only in solid phase red cell adherence assay is yet unknown. Kay et al. assume after analysis of their own data that hemolytic transfusion reactions are caused by these antibodies but can be prevented if the antibody is found early enough by a sensitive method.

Schlüsselwörter

Festphase - Gelzentrifugation - Kidd-Antikörper - hämolytische Transfusionsreaktion

Key words

solid phase - column agglutination - Kidd antibodies - hemolytic transfusion reaction

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